Comparison of single- and multiple-distributed generation concepts in terms of power loss, voltage profile, and line flows under uncertain scenarios

The level of uncertainty increases with growing distributed generation (DG) penetration in the power systems, thus convincing and user-friendly planning tools and strategies should be developed. We investigate the comparison between single- and multiple-DG concepts in terms of power loss, voltage profile, and line flows. A new procedure is presented based on grading the restructuring priorities by using a simple power flow analysis based probabilistic assessment including the output power uncertainties in DG resources. This procedure can facilitate the choice of which infrastructure of an existing network has precedence in the modernization of a network when DG units are integrated. Note that there is a threshold penetration level in terms of line losses, and trade-off between single- and multiple-DG concepts in respect of the capacity of existing lines and voltage profiles.