An integrated mobility and traffic model for vehicular wireless networks

Ad-hoc wireless communication among highly dynamic, mobile nodes in a urban network is a critical capability for a wide range of important applications including automated vehicles, real-time traffic monitoring and vehicular safety applications. When evaluating application performance in simulation, a realistic mobility model for vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) is critical for accurate results. This paper analyzes ad-hoc wireless network performance in a vehicular network in which nodes move according to a simplified vehicular traffic model on roads defined by real map data. We show that when nodes move according to our street mobility model, STRAW, network performance is significantly different from that of the commonly used random waypoint model. We also demonstrate that protocol performance varies with the type of urban environment. Finally, we use these results to argue for the development of integrated vehicular and network traffic simulators to evaluate vehicular ad-hoc network applications, particularly when the information passed through the network affects node mobility.

[1]  Brad Karp,et al.  GPSR: greedy perimeter stateless routing for wireless networks , 2000, MobiCom '00.

[2]  Hari Balakrishnan,et al.  Integrated Routing and Storage for Messaging Applications in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks , 2004, Mob. Networks Appl..

[3]  Amit Kumar Saha,et al.  Modeling mobility for vehicular ad-hoc networks , 2004, VANET '04.

[4]  Jean-Yves Le Boudec,et al.  Perfect simulation and stationarity of a class of mobility models , 2005, Proceedings IEEE 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies..

[5]  Robert Tappan Morris,et al.  CarNet: a scalable ad hoc wireless network system , 2000, ACM SIGOPS European Workshop.

[6]  Azzedine Boukerche,et al.  Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international workshop on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems , 1999 .

[7]  Matthew J. Barth,et al.  A transmission-interval and power-level modulation methodology for optimizing inter-vehicle communications , 2004, VANET '04.

[8]  Ahmed Helmy,et al.  IMPORTANT: a framework to systematically analyze the Impact of Mobility on Performance of Routing Protocols for Adhoc Networks , 2003, IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37428).

[9]  Christian Bettstetter,et al.  Smooth is better than sharp: a random mobility model for simulation of wireless networks , 2001, MSWIM '01.

[10]  Tracy Camp,et al.  A survey of mobility models for ad hoc network research , 2002, Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput..

[11]  Xiaoyan Hong,et al.  A group mobility model for ad hoc wireless networks , 1999, MSWiM '99.

[12]  Yu-Chee Tseng,et al.  The Broadcast Storm Problem in a Mobile Ad Hoc Network , 1999, Wirel. Networks.

[13]  Mingyan Liu,et al.  Sound mobility models , 2003, MobiCom '03.

[14]  Paolo Santi,et al.  An analysis of the node spatial distribution of the random waypoint mobility model for ad hoc networks , 2002, POMC '02.

[15]  J. F. Gabard.  Car-Following Models , 1991 .

[16]  M. Gerla,et al.  GloMoSim: a library for parallel simulation of large-scale wireless networks , 1998, Proceedings. Twelfth Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Simulation PADS '98 (Cat. No.98TB100233).

[17]  David Choffnes,et al.  Modeling Vehicular Traffic and Mobility for Vehicular Wireless Networks , 2005 .

[18]  Yih-Chun Hu,et al.  Design and evaluation of a metropolitan area multitier wireless ad hoc network architecture , 2003, 2003 Proceedings Fifth IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications.

[19]  Hannes Hartenstein,et al.  Stochastic properties of the random waypoint mobility model: epoch length, direction distribution, and cell change rate , 2002, MSWiM '02.

[20]  Jason Liu,et al.  Experimental evaluation of wireless simulation assumptions , 2004, MSWiM '04.

[21]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Highly dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers , 1994, SIGCOMM.

[22]  David R. Karger,et al.  A scalable location service for geographic ad hoc routing , 2000, MobiCom '00.

[23]  Kevin C. Almeroth,et al.  Towards realistic mobility models for mobile ad hoc networks , 2003, MobiCom '03.

[24]  R. Rothery.  CAR FOLLOWING MODELS , 1997 .

[25]  Peter Steenkiste,et al.  Using emulation to understand and improve wireless networks and applications , 2005, NSDI.

[26]  Hariharan Krishnan,et al.  Performance evaluation of safety applications over DSRC vehicular ad hoc networks , 2004, VANET '04.

[27]  Xiaoyan Hong,et al.  Recent advances in mobility modeling for mobile ad hoc network research , 2004, ACM-SE 42.

[28]  Imrich Chlamtac,et al.  A distance routing effect algorithm for mobility (DREAM) , 1998, MobiCom '98.

[29]  David A. Maltz,et al.  Dynamic Source Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks , 1994, Mobidata.

[30]  Ronald V. Clarke.  The distribution of deviance and exceeding the speed limit , 1996 .

[31]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing , 2001, RFC.

[32]  Zygmunt J. Haas,et al.  An Efficient, Unifying Approach to Simulation Using Virtual Machines , 2004 .

[33]  William C. Y. Lee,et al.  Mobile Communications Engineering , 1982 .

[34]  Hao Wu,et al.  MDDV: a mobility-centric data dissemination algorithm for vehicular networks , 2004, VANET '04.

[35]  Eylem Ekici,et al.  Urban multi-hop broadcast protocol for inter-vehicle communication systems , 2004, VANET '04.

[36]  Bartosz Mielczarek,et al.  Scenario-based performance analysis of routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks , 1999, MobiCom.

[37]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Effects of Detail in Wireless Network Simulation , 2001 .