DNA-Assisted β-phase Nucleation and Alignment of Molecular Dipoles in PVDF Film: A Realization of Self-Poled Bioinspired Flexible Polymer Nanogenerator for Portable Electronic Devices.

A flexible nanogenerator (NG) is fabricated with a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) film, where deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the agent for the electroactive β-phase nucleation. Denatured DNA is co-operating to align the molecular -CH2/-CF2 dipoles of PVDF causing piezoelectricity without electrical poling. The NG is capable of harvesting energy from a variety of easily accessible mechanical stress such as human touch, machine vibration, football juggling, and walking. The NG exhibits high piezoelectric energy conversion efficiency facilitating the instant turn-on of several green or blue light-emitting diodes. The generated energy can be used to charge capacitors providing a wide scope for the design of self-powered portable devices.

[1]  Ping Zhao,et al.  Sponge‐Like Piezoelectric Polymer Films for Scalable and Integratable Nanogenerators and Self‐Powered Electronic Systems , 2014 .

[2]  Vijay Narayan,et al.  A Scalable Nanogenerator Based on Self‐Poled Piezoelectric Polymer Nanowires with High Energy Conversion Efficiency , 2014, 1505.03694.

[3]  D. Schmeißer,et al.  Electronic Properties of the Interface Formed by Pr 2 O 3 Growth on Si(001), Si(111) and SiC(0001) Surfaces , 2005 .

[4]  K. Chattopadhyay,et al.  Electro-active phase formation in PVDF–BiVO4 flexible nanocomposite films for high energy density storage application , 2014 .

[5]  M. Hadjiargyrou,et al.  Characterizing DNA Condensation and Conformational Changes in Organic Solvents , 2010, PloS one.

[6]  T. Yokoyama,et al.  Polarized XANES studies of oriented polyethylene and fluorinated polyethylenes , 1990 .

[7]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  High-output nanogenerator by rational unipolar assembly of conical nanowires and its application for driving a small liquid crystal display. , 2010, Nano letters.

[8]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Nanotechnology-enabled energy harvesting for self-powered micro-/nanosystems. , 2012, Angewandte Chemie.

[9]  Dipankar Mandal,et al.  Improved performance of a polymer nanogenerator based on silver nanoparticles doped electrospun P(VDF-HFP) nanofibers. , 2014, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[10]  D. Mandal,et al.  Self-poled transparent and flexible UV light-emitting cerium complex-PVDF composite: a high-performance nanogenerator. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[11]  G. Madras,et al.  Process induced electroactive β-polymorph in PVDF: effect on dielectric and ferroelectric properties. , 2014, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[12]  Zhen-liang Xu,et al.  Preparation and characterization of PVDF-SiO2 composite hollow fiber UF membrane by sol-gel method , 2009 .

[13]  P. Boček,et al.  Highly alkaline electrolyte for single-stranded DNA separations by electrophoresis in bare silica capillaries. , 1999, Journal of chromatography. A.

[14]  A. C. Lopes,et al.  Electroactive phases of poly(vinylidene fluoride) : determination, processing and applications , 2014 .

[15]  S. Tsuchitani,et al.  Microstructure fabrication on a β-phase PVDF film by wet and dry etching technology , 2012 .

[16]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Flexible hybrid energy cell for simultaneously harvesting thermal, mechanical, and solar energies. , 2013, ACS nano.

[17]  R. Follath,et al.  Commissioning Results of the BTUC-PGM beamline , 2001 .

[18]  G. Hutchison,et al.  Piezoelectric Effects of Applied Electric Fields on Hydrogen-Bond Interactions: First-Principles Electronic Structure Investigation of Weak Electrostatic Interactions. , 2013, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[19]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Simultaneously harvesting mechanical and chemical energies by a hybrid cell for self-powered biosensors and personal electronics , 2013 .

[20]  D. Mandal,et al.  Simple synthesis of palladium nanoparticles, β-phase formation, and the control of chain and dipole orientations in palladium-doped poly(vinylidene fluoride) thin films. , 2012, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[21]  G. Zhu,et al.  Muscle‐Driven In Vivo Nanogenerator , 2010, Advanced materials.

[22]  A. J. Lovinger Ferroelectric Polymers , 1983, Science.

[23]  Weiqing Yang,et al.  Harvesting broadband kinetic impact energy from mechanical triggering/vibration and water waves. , 2014, ACS nano.

[24]  Manrico Fabretto,et al.  Flexible Polymer-on-Polymer Architecture for Piezo/Pyroelectric Energy Harvesting. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[25]  Samiran Garain,et al.  The co-operative performance of a hydrated salt assisted sponge like P(VDF-HFP) piezoelectric generator: an effective piezoelectric based energy harvester. , 2015, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[26]  Dipankar Mandal,et al.  Self-oriented β-crystalline phase in the polyvinylidene fluoride ferroelectric and piezo-sensitive ultrathin Langmuir-Schaefer film. , 2015, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[27]  Seok-Jin Yoon,et al.  Electronic Supplementary Information Piezoelectric Nanogenerators Synthesized Using KNbO 3 Nanowires with Various Crystal Structures , 2014 .

[28]  Ayesha Sultana,et al.  Lead-free ZnSnO3/MWCNTs-based self-poled flexible hybrid nanogenerator for piezoelectric power generation , 2015, Nanotechnology.