* ABSTRACT Automotive emissions are severely regulated. Since 1980, a three-way catalyst (TWC) has been used to convert harmful emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen into less harmful gases in order to meet these regulations. The e ciency of conversion of these gases is dependent on the mass ratio of air to fuel (A=F ) in the mixture leaving the exhaust manifold and entering the catalyst, the velocity of the exhaust mass, and the temperature of the catalyst. The goal of this paper is to develop a dynamic, control-oriented model of a TWC. First, the importance of developing such a model will be explained. Then, a simpli ed dynamic catalyst model that can be determined on the basis of medium bandwidth A=F measurements and low bandwidth temperature and emission measurements will be introduced and validated.
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