ECG Monitoring: Present Status and Future Trend

Abstract ECG is one of the important physiological parameters and is required for monitoring and diagnosis of common cardiac patients. Nowadays, it is an integrated part of generalized monitoring system in ICU and other critical care units. With the development of sophisticated instrumentation systems and modern signal processing technologies, the monitoring and automation in analysis of acquired data makes clinical decision faster and more reliable. The present article discusses the conventional ECG monitoring methodology and recent technologies used for signal acquisition and processing for ECG analysis. As the signal strength (amplitude, frequency, etc.) is feeble in biosignals like ECG, proper data acquisition hardware should be designed for capturing and further processing for information extraction. With the development of computerized automatic signal processing technologies, it becomes easier to develop a biosignal processing and interpretation system. In this article, the application of modern signal processing tools for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal analysis for classification and detection of rhythmic abnormalities is also discussed. For completeness, basics of the heart and generation and interpretation of ECG are also included along with the present trends toward wireless ECG monitoring and few specialized ECG monitoring applications.

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