Virtual machine allocation and migration based on performance-to-power ratio in energy-efficient clouds

The last decade witnessed a dramatic advance in cloud computing research and techniques. One of the key challenges in this field is reducing the massive amount of energy consumption in cloud computing data centers. Many power-aware virtual machine (VM) allocation and consolidation approaches were proposed to reduce energy consumption efficiently. However, most of the existing efficient cloud solutions save energy at the cost of significant performance degradation. In this paper, we propose a strategy to calculate the optimized working utilization levels for host computers. As the performance and power data need to be measured on real platforms, to make our design practical, we propose a strategy named "PPRGear'' which is based on the sampling of utilization levels with distinct Performance-to-Power Ratios (PPR) calculated as the number of Server Side Java operations completed during a certain time period divided by the average active power consumption in that period. In addition, we present a framework for virtual machine allocation and migration which leverages the PPR for various host types. By achieving the optimal balance between host utilization and energy consumption, our framework is able to ensure that host computers run at the most power-efficient utilization levels, i.e., the levels with the highest PPR, thus tremendously reducing energy consumption with ignorable sacrifice of performance. Our extensive experiments with real world traces show that compared with three baseline energy-efficient VM allocation and selection algorithms, IqrMc, MadMmt, and ThrRs, our framework is able to reduce the energy consumption up to 69.31% for various host computer types with fewer migration times, shutdown times, and little performance degradation for cloud computing data centers. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.