In this analysis, a semi-distribut ed conceptual runoff model was applied in five basins varying in area between 43 and 195 km2, lying in different physiographic regions of Switzerland (lowland, alpine, heavily glaciated high alpine basins) representing various runoff regimes. An objective, labour-intensive optimization procedure was developed and found suitable for deriving optimal parameter values. A separate calibra tion procedure was employed in the heavily glaciated basin, as glacier mass balance data measured at different elevations were deemed very helpful for finding plausible parameter values. The results show that this conceptual runoff model can be successfully applied in various physio graphic regions, without structural changes, to calculate daily discharge. However, no conclusive relationships between parameter values and basin characteristics could be found. One reason may be that the investigated sample was too small. It is also felt that the inherent structure of this type of conceptual model is not suited to relating parameter values representing lumped model characteristics with physical basin characteris tics. The advantages of conceptual models are such that they can be readily applied in various physiographic regions and therefore constitute a valuable tool for operational hydrology. Application d'un modele conceptuel d'ecoulement a differentes regions physiographiques de la Suisse Resume Pour cette analyse, on a utilise un modele conceptuel de l'ecoulement semi-distribue, utilise pour cinq bassins versants variants de 43 a 195 km2, situes dans differentes regions physiographiques de Suisse (bassins de plaine, alpin, et de haute montagne fortement glace) represen tant plusieurs regimes de cours d'eau. Une procedure d'optimalisation objective et laborieuse a ete mise au point, jugee adaptee pour obtenir les valeurs optimales des parametres. Une autre procedure de calibration a ete utilisee pour le bassin fortement englace, etant donne que les donnees du bilan de masse des glaciers mesures a differentes altitudes se sont revelees tres utiles pour determiner des valeurs de parametres plausibles. Les resultats montrent que ce modele conceptuel peut etre applique avec succes dans diverses regions physiographiques sans modifier sa structure pour le calcul journalier du debit. Cependant, aucune relation definitive n'a pu etre etablie entre les valeurs des parametres et les caracteristiques des bassins. Une des raisons est que l'echantillon etudie est trop petit, mais probablement la structure de ce type de modele n'est pas appropriee pour relier les valeurs des parametres representant les caracteristiques des elements du modele avec les caracteristiques du bassin geographique. L'avantage du modele conceptuel est qu'il peut etre rapidement utilise
[1]
S. Bergström,et al.
Principles and Confidence in Hydrological Modelling
,
1991
.
[2]
R. T. Clarke,et al.
Computer simulation techniques in hydrology
,
1977
.
[3]
S. Bergström,et al.
Integrated modelling of runoff, alkalinity, and pH on a daily basis
,
1985
.
[4]
J. Schaake,et al.
Development and application of simple water balance models to understand the relationship between climate and water resources
,
1989
.
[5]
J. Harlin.
Development of a Process Oriented Calibration Scheme for the HBV Hydrological Model
,
1991
.
[6]
J. Martinec,et al.
Subsurface flow from snowmelt traced by tritium
,
1975
.
[7]
Keith Beven,et al.
Changing ideas in hydrology — The case of physically-based models
,
1989
.
[8]
P. Germann.
Rapid drainage response to precipitation
,
1986
.
[9]
L. Braun.
Modelling discharge of glacierized basins assisted by direct measurements of glacier mass balance
,
1990
.
[10]
C. Federer,et al.
Brook: A Hydrologic Simulation Model for Eastern Forests
,
1978
.
[11]
L. Braun.
Simulation of snowmelt runoff in lowland and lower Alpine regions of Switzerland
,
1984
.
[12]
J. Nash,et al.
River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I — A discussion of principles☆
,
1970
.
[13]
E. Todini.
Rainfall-runoff modeling — Past, present and future
,
1988
.