Three-dimensional numerical and analytical study of horizontal group of square anchor plates in sand

In this paper, numerical and analytical methods are used to evaluate the ultimate pullout capacity of a group of square anchor plates in row or square configurations, installed horizontally in dense sand. The elasto-plastic numerical study of square anchor plates is carried out using three-dimensional finite element analysis. The soil is modeled by an elasto-plastic model with a Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion. An analytical method based on a simplified three-dimensional failure mechanism is developed in this study. The interference effect is evaluated by group efficiency η, defined as the ratio of the ultimate pullout capacity of group of N anchor plates to that of a single isolated plate multiplied by number of plates. The variation of the group efficiency η was computed with respect to change in the spacing between plates. Results of the analyses show that the spacing between the plates, the internal friction angle of soil and the installation depth are the most important parameters influencing the group efficiency. New equations are developed in this study to evaluate the group efficiency of square anchor plates embedded horizontally in sand at shallow depth (H = 4B). The results obtained by numerical and analytical solutions are in excellent agreement.

[1]  K. M. Kouzer,et al.  Vertical uplift capacity of a group of shallow horizontal anchors in sand , 2008 .

[2]  Adel Hanna,et al.  Passive earth pressure on embedded vertical plate anchors in sand , 2011 .

[3]  M. Bolton.  THE STRENGTH AND DILATANCY OF SANDS , 1986 .

[4]  Priyanka Ghosh,et al.  Seismic interference of two nearby horizontal strip anchors in layered soil , 2012, Natural Hazards.

[5]  Jyant Kumar,et al.  Vertical uplift resistance of circular plate anchors in clays under undrained condition , 2009 .

[6]  E. Davis,et al.  The behaviour of anchor plates in sand , 1982 .

[7]  Braja M. Das,et al.  MODEL TESTS FOR UPLIFT CAPACITY OF FOUNDATIONS IN CLAY , 1978 .

[8]  Samuel P. Clemence,et al.  DYNAMIC PULLOUT RESISTANCE OF ANCHORS IN SAND. , 1977 .

[9]  Abdelhak Mabrouki,et al.  ETUDE TRIDIMENSIONNELLE DE LA CAPACITE ULTIME DES PLAQUES D’ANCRAGE DANS UN SOL FROTTANT , 2014 .

[10]  G. G. Meyerhof,et al.  The Ultimate Uplift Capacity of Foundations , 1968 .

[11]  Jyant Kumar,et al.  Stability of an unsupported vertical circular excavation in clays under undrained condition , 2010 .

[12]  J. Kumar,et al.  Effect of anchor width on pullout capacity of strip anchors in sand , 2011 .

[13]  J. D. Geddes,et al.  Uplift of Anchor Plates in Sand , 1987 .

[14]  R. Merifield,et al.  Three-dimensional lower-bound solutions for the stability of plate anchors in sand , 2006 .

[15]  Colin Smith,et al.  The ultimate uplift capacity of multi-plate strip anchors in undrained clay , 2010 .

[16]  J. Kumar,et al.  Vertical uplift capacity of a group of two coaxial anchors in a general c-phi soil , 2012 .

[17]  Paramita Bhattacharya,et al.  Vertical pullout capacity of horizontal anchor plates in the presence of seismic and seepage forces , 2014 .

[18]  K. Ilamparuthi,et al.  Experimental investigation of the uplift behaviour of circular plate anchors embedded in sand , 2002 .

[19]  J. D. Geddes,et al.  Plate Anchor Groups Pulled Vertically in Sand , 1996 .

[20]  J. Kumar,et al.  Vertical Uplift Resistance of Two Interfering Horizontal Anchors in Clay , 2014 .

[21]  Buse Emirler,et al.  Numerical Investigation of Group Anchors , 2015 .

[22]  S. M. Daoud,et al.  Interaction of Rupture Zones of Adjacent Anchor Plates in an Analogical Medium , 2013 .

[23]  G. G. Meyerhof,et al.  Uplift resistance of inclined anchors and piles , 1975 .

[24]  Adel Hanna,et al.  Pullout resistance of single vertical shallow helical and plate anchors in sand , 2007 .

[25]  K. M. Kouzer,et al.  Vertical Uplift Capacity of Equally Spaced Horizontal Strip Anchors in Sand , 2009 .

[26]  Braja M. Das,et al.  A PROCEDURE FOR ESTIMATION OF UPLIFT CAPACITY OF ROUGH PILES , 1983 .

[27]  Jyant Kumar,et al.  Vertical uplift resistance of two closely spaced horizontal strip anchors embedded in cohesive-frictional weightless medium , 2014 .

[28]  Mohammed A. Gabr,et al.  Uplift Capacity of Plate Anchors in Saturated Clays: Analyses with Different Constitutive Models , 2016 .

[29]  Jyant Kumar,et al.  Vertical uplift capacity of two interfering horizontal anchors in sand using an upper bound limit analysis , 2009 .

[30]  Dong Wang,et al.  Uplift behaviour of helical anchors in clay , 2013 .

[31]  R. Merifield,et al.  The ultimate pullout capacity of anchors in frictional soils , 2006 .