Generalized Design Considerations and Analysis of Class-E Amplifier for Sinusoidal and Square Input Voltage Waveforms

In this paper, analytical expressions and design equations are presented for a class-E amplifier with MOSFET nonlinear drain-source capacitance and linear gate-drain parasitic capacitance, along with external linear shunt capacitance. The class-E amplifier characteristics are presented as functions of the ratio of the sum of the external linear shunt capacitance and the MOSFET linear gate-drain capacitance to the MOSFET drain-source junction capacitance when the switch voltage is zero. Although the effect of the MOSFET linear gate-drain capacitance is similar to that of the external linear shunt capacitance on the design of the class-E amplifier with a square input voltage, the difference between their effects should be considered for the sinusoidal input voltage, which is one of the most important suggestions in this paper. Additionally, analytical expressions of the output power capability is given, which is considerably affected by the external linear shunt capacitance. Two design examples are presented, taking into account as design specification the output power of 8.7 W and the operating frequency of 4 MHz, along with the PSpice-simulations and experimental waveforms.

[1]  Hiroo Sekiya,et al.  Design of Class-E Amplifier With MOSFET Linear Gate-to-Drain and Nonlinear Drain-to-Source Capacitances , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[2]  No Sokal,et al.  CLASS-E - NEW CLASS OF HIGH-EFFICIENCY TUNED SINGLE-ENDED SWITCHING POWER AMPLIFIERS , 1975 .

[3]  S. I. Long,et al.  The effect of transistor feedback capacitance in class-E power amplifiers , 2003 .

[4]  Hiroo Sekiya,et al.  Design Procedure for Class E Switching Circuits Allowing Implicit Circuit Equations , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[5]  Yu-Cheng Lin,et al.  A Novel Loop Gain-Adjusting Application Using LSB Tuning for Digitally Controlled DC–DC Power Converters , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[6]  Xinbo Ruan,et al.  Feed-Forward Scheme Considering Bandwidth Limitation of Operational Amplifiers for Envelope Tracking Power Supply Using Series-Connected Composite Configuration , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[7]  Hirotaka Koizumi,et al.  Class E Rectifier With Controlled Shunt Capacitor , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[8]  Frederick H. Raab,et al.  Idealized operation of the class E tuned power amplifier , 1977 .

[9]  Hiroo Sekiya,et al.  Analysis and Design of Class-E Power Amplifier With MOSFET Parasitic Linear and Nonlinear Capacitances at Any Duty Ratio , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[10]  Gerardo Escobar,et al.  A Model-Based Controller for the Cascade H-Bridge Multilevel Converter Used as a Shunt Active Filter , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[11]  Tadashi Suetsugu,et al.  Analysis and design of class E amplifier with shunt capacitance composed of nonlinear and linear capacitances , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[12]  Il-Oun Lee,et al.  Three-Level Resonant Converter With Double $LLC$ Resonant Tanks for High-Input-Voltage Applications , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[13]  Fadhel M. Ghannouchi,et al.  Design Methodology for Dual-Band Doherty Power Amplifier With Performance Enhancement Using Dual-Band Offset Lines , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[14]  Jun-Hua Chiang,et al.  A Simple Implementation of Nonlinear-Carrier Control for Power Factor Correction Rectifier With Variable Slope Ramp on Field-Programmable Gate Array , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[15]  Mohsen Hayati,et al.  Performance Study of Class-E Power Amplifier With a Shunt Inductor at Subnominal Condition , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[16]  Wolfgang A. Halang,et al.  A Z-Source Half-Bridge Converter , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[17]  Wei-Hsin Liao,et al.  Steady-State Simulation and Optimization of Class-E Power Amplifiers With Extended Impedance Method , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[18]  Hiroo Sekiya,et al.  Waveform Equations, Output Power, and Power Conversion Efficiency for Class-E Inverter Outside Nominal Operation , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[19]  Bocheng Bao,et al.  Comments on "Predictive Digital-Controlled Converter With Peak Current-Mode Control and Leading-Edge Modulation" , 2012, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[20]  Qingguang Yu,et al.  Switched Z-Source Isolated Bidirectional DC–DC Converter and Its Phase-Shifting Shoot-Through Bivariate Coordinated Control Strategy , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[21]  Akshay Kumar Rathore,et al.  Small-Signal Modeling of Active-Clamped ZVS Current-Fed Full-Bridge Isolated DC/DC Converter and Control System Implementation Using PSoC , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[22]  X. T. Bui,et al.  Class-E amplifier with an inductive impedance inverter , 1990 .

[23]  Luis Martinez-Salamero,et al.  Start-Up Control and Voltage Regulation in a Boost Converter Under Sliding-Mode Operation , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[24]  Sheng-Yuan Ou,et al.  Design and Implementation of a ZCS-PWM Half-Bridge Boost Rectifier With Output Voltage Balance Control , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[25]  Gonzalo Abad,et al.  Medium Voltage–High Power Converter Topologies Comparison Procedure, for a 6.6 kV Drive Application Using 4.5 kV IGBT Modules , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[26]  Regan Zane,et al.  Power-Mode Control of Multiphase Resonant Electronic Ballast , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[27]  Michael A. E. Andersen,et al.  Optimal Design and Tradeoff Analysis of Planar Transformer in High-Power DC–DC Converters , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[28]  M. J. Chudobiak The use of parasitic nonlinear capacitors in class E amplifiers , 1994 .

[29]  Marian K. Kazimierczuk,et al.  Exact analysis of class E tuned power amplifier at any Q and switch duty cycle , 1987 .

[30]  Alex Q. Huang,et al.  Modulation Technique to Reverse Power Flow for the Isolated Series Resonant DC – DC Converter With Clamped Capacitor Voltage , 2012 .

[31]  Gun-Woo Moon,et al.  High-Efficiency Slim Adapter With Low-Profile Transformer Structure , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[32]  Sang-Kyoo Han,et al.  High-efficiency and low-cost tightly-regulated dual-output LLC resonant converter , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.

[33]  Juan-Carlos Montaño,et al.  Random Generation of Arbitrary Waveforms for Emulating Three-Phase Systems , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[34]  Danwei Wang,et al.  A Generic Digital $nk \pm m$-Order Harmonic Repetitive Control Scheme for PWM Converters , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.