TEXTURE AND ANISOTROPY OF ZIRCONIUM IN RELATION TO PLASTIC DEFORMATION.

Abstract Possible modes of plastic deformation of tubular materials are analyzed generally. Based on symmetry considerations applied to known textures of zirconium wire and strip, textures of zirconium tubes are predicted as resulting from a wide range of deformation modes. This is made possible by focusing on the main feature of texture, Le., the orientation distribution of basal poles. A relation between texture and the mechanical anisotropy of zirconium is developed, and rules are suggested for softening and hardening caused by texture change. Experimentally, Zircaloy tubes were deformed by various techniques. The resulting textures were determined by X-ray diffraction and the mechanical anisotropy by Knoop-hardness measurement. Each determination is condensed into two representative figures, one describing the type of texture or anisotropy and the other describing the sharpness of texture or the degree of deviation from isotropy.The experiments verify the predicted relation between type of texture and...