Regeneration of Assembled, Molecular-Motor-Based Bionanodevices.

The guided gliding of cytoskeletal filaments, driven by biomolecular motors on nano/microstructured chips, enables novel applications in biosensing and biocomputation. However, expensive and time-consuming chip production hampers the developments. It is therefore important to establish protocols to regenerate the chips, preferably without the need to dismantle the assembled microfluidic devices which contain the structured chips. We here describe a novel method toward this end. Specifically, we use the small, nonselective proteolytic enzyme, proteinase K to cleave all surface-adsorbed proteins, including myosin and kinesin motors. Subsequently, we apply a detergent (5% SDS or 0.05% Triton X100) to remove the protein remnants. After this procedure, fresh motor proteins and filaments can be added for new experiments. Both, silanized glass surfaces for actin-myosin motility and pure glass surfaces for microtubule-kinesin motility were repeatedly regenerated using this approach. Moreover, we demonstrate the applicability of the method for the regeneration of nano/microstructured silicon-based chips with selectively functionalized areas for supporting or suppressing gliding motility for both motor systems. The results substantiate the versatility and a promising broad use of the method for regenerating a wide range of protein-based nano/microdevices.

[1]  R. Kawamura,et al.  Reversible surface functionalization of motor proteins for sustainable motility , 2019, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics.

[2]  H. Linke,et al.  Controlled Surface Silanization for Actin-Myosin Based Nanodevices and Biocompatibility of New Polymer Resists. , 2018, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[3]  E. Terentjev,et al.  Specific binding of a polymer chain to a sequence of surface receptors , 2017, Scientific Reports.

[4]  Stefan Diez,et al.  Challenges in Estimating the Motility Parameters of Single Processive Motor Proteins. , 2017, Biophysical journal.

[5]  A. Månsson,et al.  Covalent and non-covalent chemical engineering of actin for biotechnological applications. , 2017, Biotechnology advances.

[6]  A. Månsson Actomyosin based contraction: one mechanokinetic model from single molecules to muscle? , 2016, Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility.

[7]  K. Kuroda,et al.  Proteomic analysis of bone proteins adsorbed onto the surface of titanium dioxide , 2016, Biochemistry and biophysics reports.

[8]  R. O'Kennedy,et al.  Antibodies and antibody-derived analytical biosensors , 2016, Essays in biochemistry.

[9]  Dan V. Nicolau,et al.  Parallel computation with molecular-motor-propelled agents in nanofabricated networks , 2016, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[10]  S. Diez,et al.  Kinesin-1 Expressed in Insect Cells Improves Microtubule in Vitro Gliding Performance, Long-Term Stability and Guiding Efficiency in Nanostructures , 2016, IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience.

[11]  A. Månsson,et al.  Sensing protein antigen and microvesicle analytes using high-capacity biopolymer nano-carriers. , 2016, The Analyst.

[12]  C. Siedlecki,et al.  Proteins, platelets, and blood coagulation at biomaterial interfaces. , 2014, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.

[13]  S. Thoms,et al.  Investigation of CSAR 62, a new resist for electron beam lithography , 2014 .

[14]  C. Dixit Surface Regeneration of Gold-Coated Chip for Highly-Reproducible Surface Plasmon Resonance Immunoassays , 2014 .

[15]  Malin Persson,et al.  Magnetic capture from blood rescues molecular motor function in diagnostic nanodevices , 2013, Journal of Nanobiotechnology.

[16]  A. F. Paes Leme,et al.  Proteome analysis of the plasma protein layer adsorbed to a rough titanium surface , 2013, Biofouling.

[17]  H. Linke,et al.  Antibodies Covalently Immobilized on Actin Filaments for Fast Myosin Driven Analyte Transport , 2012, PloS one.

[18]  Kevin W Eliceiri,et al.  NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis , 2012, Nature Methods.

[19]  A. Månsson Translational actomyosin research: fundamental insights and applications hand in hand , 2012, Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility.

[20]  R. F. Dutra,et al.  A dual quartz crystal microbalance for human cardiac troponin T in real time detection , 2012 .

[21]  Henry Hess,et al.  Engineering applications of biomolecular motors. , 2011, Annual review of biomedical engineering.

[22]  M. Roukes,et al.  Comparative advantages of mechanical biosensors. , 2011, Nature nanotechnology.

[23]  Stefan Seeger,et al.  Understanding protein adsorption phenomena at solid surfaces. , 2011, Advances in colloid and interface science.

[24]  Stefan Diez,et al.  Towards the application of cytoskeletal motor proteins in molecular detection and diagnostic devices. , 2010, Current opinion in biotechnology.

[25]  T. Ferri,et al.  Protein immobilization at gold–thiol surfaces and potential for biosensing , 2010, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[26]  Ashutosh Agarwal,et al.  Molecular Motors as Components of Future Medical Devices and Engineered Materials , 2010 .

[27]  Viola Vogel,et al.  "Smart dust" biosensors powered by biomolecular motors. , 2009, Lab on a chip.

[28]  Guenter Gauglitz,et al.  Two immunoassay formats for fully automated CRP detection in human serum , 2008, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[29]  A. Månsson,et al.  In vitro assays of molecular motors--impact of motor-surface interactions. , 2008, Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library.

[30]  S. Burgess,et al.  Mechanical properties of inner-arm dynein-f (dynein I1) studied with in vitro motility assays. , 2007, Biophysical journal.

[31]  Lars Montelius,et al.  Selective spatial localization of actomyosin motor function by chemical surface patterning. , 2006, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[32]  Amanda Carroll-Portillo,et al.  Active capture and transport of virus particles using a biomolecular motor-driven, nanoscale antibody sandwich assay. , 2006, Small.

[33]  Leonid Ionov,et al.  Size sorting of protein assemblies using polymeric gradient surfaces. , 2005, Nano letters.

[34]  Ciara K O'Sullivan,et al.  Reusable impedimetric aptasensor. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[35]  Cees Dekker,et al.  High rectifying efficiencies of microtubule motility on kinesin-coated gold nanostructures. , 2005, Nano letters.

[36]  Lars Montelius,et al.  Actomyosin motility on nanostructured surfaces. , 2003, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[37]  D. Castner,et al.  Biomedical surface science: Foundations to frontiers , 2002 .

[38]  M. Seifert,et al.  Engineering receptors and antibodies for biosensors. , 2002, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[39]  M. Hämäläinen,et al.  Identification and optimization of regeneration conditions for affinity-based biosensor assays. A multivariate cocktail approach. , 1999, Analytical chemistry.

[40]  Michelle D. Wang,et al.  Force and velocity measured for single molecules of RNA polymerase. , 1998, Science.

[41]  Bengt Herbert Kasemo,et al.  Biological surface science , 1998 .

[42]  J. Israelachvili,et al.  Direct Measurement of a Tethered Ligand-Receptor Interaction Potential , 1997, Science.

[43]  V. Hlady,et al.  Protein adsorption on solid surfaces. , 1996, Current opinion in biotechnology.

[44]  A Libchaber,et al.  Flexibility of myosin attachment to surfaces influences F-actin motion. , 1995, Biophysical journal.

[45]  J. Spudich,et al.  Myosin step size. Estimation from slow sliding movement of actin over low densities of heavy meromyosin. , 1990, Journal of molecular biology.

[46]  A. Hudspeth,et al.  Movement of microtubules by single kinesin molecules , 1989, Nature.

[47]  Toshio Yanagida,et al.  Sliding movement of single actin filaments on one-headed myosin filaments , 1987, Nature.

[48]  J. Spudich,et al.  Fluorescent actin filaments move on myosin fixed to a glass surface. , 1986, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[49]  Henry Hess,et al.  Biomolecular motors at the intersection of nanotechnology and polymer science , 2010 .

[50]  K. Imamura,et al.  On the adsorption of proteins on solid surfaces, a common but very complicated phenomenon. , 2001, Journal of bioscience and bioengineering.