Language Analysis of Speakers with Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type

This research is a discriminative analysis of conversational dialogs involving individuals suffering from dementia of Alzheimer’s type. Several metric analyses are applied to the transcripts of the Carolina Conversation Corpus (Pope and Davis 2011) in order to determine if there are significant statistical differences between individuals with and without Alzheimer’s disease. Results from the analysis indicate that go-ahead utterances, certain fluency measures, and paraphrasing provide defensible means of differentiating the linguistic characteristics of spontaneous speech between healthy individuals and those with Alzheimer’s disease. Several machine learning algorithms were used to classify the speech of individuals with and without dementia of the Alzheimer’s type.

[1]  John J. Godfrey,et al.  SWITCHBOARD: telephone speech corpus for research and development , 1992, [Proceedings] ICASSP-92: 1992 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[2]  M. Bourgeois Enhancing conversation skills in patients with Alzheimer's disease using a prosthetic memory aid. , 1990, Journal of applied behavior analysis.

[3]  Alzheimer’s Association,et al.  2009 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures , 2009, Alzheimer's & Dementia.

[4]  R. Kuttner Language in Dementia , 1985, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[5]  Peter V. Rabins,et al.  The 36-hour day : a family guide to caring for people with Alzheimer disease, other dementias, and memory loss in later life , 2006 .

[6]  Sameer Singh NEURAL NETWORKS IN SPONTANEOUS SPEECH ASSESSMENT OF DYSPHASIC PATIENTS , 1996 .

[7]  Murray Grossman,et al.  CHAPTER 27 – Language in Dementia , 2008 .

[8]  J. Scott Yaruss,et al.  Real-Time Analysis of Speech Fluency , 1998 .

[9]  P. Harris,et al.  The person with Alzheimer's disease : pathways to understanding the experience , 2002 .

[10]  Boyd H. Davis,et al.  Examining Pauses in Alzheimer's Discourse , 2009, American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.

[11]  Rebecca M. Schwarz CELL PHONE COMMUNICATION VERSUS FACE-TO-FACE COMMUNICATION: THE EFFECT OF MODE OF COMMUNICATION ON RELATIONSHIP SATISFACTION AND THE DIFFERENCE IN QUALITY OF COMMUNICATION , 2008 .

[12]  Barry Oken,et al.  The Effect of Voice Output on AAC-Supported Conversations of Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease , 2009, TACC.

[13]  Andreas Stolcke,et al.  Enriching speech recognition with automatic detection of sentence boundaries and disfluencies , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing.

[14]  P. Have Doing conversation analysis , 2007 .

[15]  Andreas Stolcke,et al.  Automatic disfluency identification in conversational speech using multiple knowledge sources , 2003, INTERSPEECH.

[16]  S. Brennan,et al.  Disfluency Rates in Conversation: Effects of Age, Relationship, Topic, Role, and Gender , 2001, Language and speech.

[17]  BRUCE WISENBURN,et al.  Participant Evaluations of Rate and Communication Efficacy of an AAC Application Using Natural Language Processing , 2009, Augmentative and alternative communication.

[18]  Wiebke Wagner,et al.  Steven Bird, Ewan Klein and Edward Loper: Natural Language Processing with Python, Analyzing Text with the Natural Language Toolkit , 2010, Lang. Resour. Evaluation.

[19]  R. Tibshirani,et al.  Classification and prediction of clinical Alzheimer's diagnosis based on plasma signaling proteins , 2007, Nature Medicine.

[20]  A. Cuello Pharmacological mechanisms in Alzheimer's therapeutics , 2007 .

[21]  Romola S. Bucks,et al.  Analysis of spontaneous, conversational speech in dementia of Alzheimer type: Evaluation of an objective technique for analysing lexical performance , 2000 .

[22]  Annalu Waller,et al.  Communication Access to Conversational Narrative , 2006 .

[23]  Beatrice Santorini,et al.  The Penn Treebank: An Overview , 2003 .

[24]  Richard M. Schwartz,et al.  A Lexically-Driven Algorithm for Disfluency Detection , 2004, NAACL.

[25]  Boyd H. Davis,et al.  Finding a balance: The Carolinas Conversation Collection , 2011 .

[26]  Sameer Singh,et al.  Analysing spontaneous speech in dysphasic adults , 1997 .

[27]  R. Leaper Finding a Balance , 2006 .

[28]  Andreas Stolcke,et al.  Automatic punctuation and disfluency detection in multi-party meetings using prosodic and lexical cues , 2002, INTERSPEECH.

[29]  Norman Alm,et al.  Automatic generation of conversational utterances and narrative for Augmentative and Alternative Communication: a prototype system , 2010, SLPAT@NAACL.