Vers une Composition Dynamique des Services Web: une approche de Composabilité Offline. (Towards a Dynamic Web Services Composition : An Offline Composability Approach)

La composition dynamique reste un des objectifs cle de la technologie des services Web. Alors qu'ils sont concus pour etre agreges et collaborer ensemble, les services Web peuvent en meme temps etre mis en œuvre independamment et utiliser des normes ou modeles differents. Par consequent, leur processus de composition dynamique s’avere complexe et couteux en temps. Verifier la possibilite de connecter des services (la composabilite) en amont permet d’accroitre considerablement, l'efficacite et l'exactitude de ce processus. Dans la plupart des travaux sur la composition des services Web, la composabilite de deux services ou operations de services se limite souvent aux processus d’appariement semantique et/ou syntaxique des entrees et sorties des services ou operations concernes, et ne traite pas la coherence des proprietes techniques, non-fonctionnelles, structurelles ou contextuelles des deux services. Dans le but d’aboutir a des plans de composition efficaces et d’optimiser le temps de composition dynamique, notre recherche propose une approche de composabilite offline. Cette approche consiste a identifier l’ensemble de services composables a differents niveaux, en amont du processus de construction des plans de composition devant etre effectue de facon dynamique. Elle definit d’abord un modele de description de services Web multi-aspects qui s’aligne avec les specifications W3C, a savoir, WSDL 2.0, SAWSDL et WS-Policy 1.5. Ce modele integre les proprietes descriptives prevues par ces trois standards et les enrichit par de nouvelles proprietes, dans le but de capturer le maximum d’informations sur un service Web, tout en restant conforme aux standards. Sur la base de ce modele descriptif, notre approche identifie les proprietes descriptives impliquees dans la composabilite offline des services et definit six regles multi-aspects qui exploitent ces informations pour traiter les aspects de composabilite de deux operations de services Web : fonctionnel, non-fonctionnel, contextuel, oriente donnees et technique. Nous definissons aussi une demarche globale de verification automatique des aspects de composabilite offline de deux operations. Cette demarche comprend trois principales phases : (i) l’extraction et le stockage des informations de composabilite a partir des fichiers SAWSDL, WSDL 2.0 et WS-Policy, (ii) la verification automatique de la composabilite offline de deux operations par l’algorithme que nous avons developpe a cette fin, et enfin (iii) la tracabilite des resultats de composabilite des operations. La faisabilite de cette demarche a ete demontree par le dispositif de composabilite offline que nous avons realise.

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