Progress in Submarine Amplifiers

Amplification technology for undersea transmission systems is reviewed. Past, present and future possibilities for amplifier requirements, technical implementation and use cases are discussed.

[1]  Hussam G. Batshon,et al.  49.3 Tb/s Transmission Over 9100 km Using C+L EDFA and 54 Tb/s Transmission Over 9150 km Using Hybrid-Raman EDFA , 2015, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[2]  J. Renaudier.  100nm Ultra-Wideband Optical Fiber Transmission Systems Using Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers , 2018, 2018 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC).

[3]  Dmitri Foursa,et al.  SDM for power-efficient undersea transmission , 2018, 2018 23rd Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC).

[4]  Dominique Bayart.  4 – Optical amplification , 2002 .

[5]  P. R. Trischitta,et al.  The TAT-12/13 Cable Network , 1996 .

[6]  O. Sinkin,et al.  Maximum Optical Power Efficiency in SDM-Based Optical Communication Systems , 2017, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[7]  W. C. Barnett,et al.  The TPC-5 Cable Network , 1996 .