Phase Transitional Behavior and Piezoelectric Properties of Lead-Free (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 Ceramics

(1−x)(Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 solid solution ceramics were successfully fabricated, exhibiting a continuous phase transition with changing x at room temperature from orthorhombic, to tetragonal, to cubic, and finally to tetragonal symmetries. A morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between orthorhombic and tetragonal ferroelectric phases was found at 2–3 mol% (Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 (BKT), which brings about enhanced piezoelectric and electromechanical properties of piezoelectric constant d33=192 pC/N and planar electromechanical coupling coefficient kp=45%. The MPB composition has a Curie temperature of 370°–380°C, comparable with that of the widely used PZT materials. These results demonstrate that this system is a promising lead-free piezoelectric candidate material.

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