Advances in vitamin D metabolism as they pertain to chronic renal disease.

Many clinical similarities between renal osteodystrophy and nutritional rickets have suggested that a defect in either the metabolism or action of vitamin D exists in chronic renal failure. The discovery of the kidney as the organ that manufactures the active metabolite of vitamin D has provided direct evidence for a relationship between renal failure and altered vitamin D metabolism. Other observations suggest that an abnormality of vitamin D action could underlie both osteomalacia and osteitis fibrosa (secondary hyperparathyroidism) observed in patients with chronic renal failure. The administration of the active vitamin D analogs, 25(OH)D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, and lalpha(OH)D3, to uremic patients with symptomatic bone disease is capable of reversing many of the abnormalities of divalent ion metabolism. The widespread availability of these agents in the future may provide the clinician the means to correct or even prevent the serious bone disease that frequently complicates the course of chronic renal failure.

[1]  R. Wasserman,et al.  Duodenal active transport of calcium and phosphate in vitamin D-deficient rats: effects of nephrectomy, Cestrum diurnum, and 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. , 1976, Endocrinology.

[2]  S. Birge,et al.  25-hydroxycholecalciferol stimulation of muscle metabolism. , 1975, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[3]  S. Klahr,et al.  Effect of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on calcium absorption in chronic renal disease. , 1975, Kidney international.

[4]  H. DeLuca,et al.  1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 in chronic renal failure. A potent analogue of the kidney hormone, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. , 1975, JAMA.

[5]  L. Avioli,et al.  Experimental renal osteodystrophy. The response to 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and dicholomethylene diphosphate therapy. , 1975, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[6]  J. Wergedal,et al.  Serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with uremic bone diseases. , 1975, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[7]  G. Catto,et al.  I alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol: a treatment of renal bone disease. , 1975, British medical journal.

[8]  J. Dominguez,et al.  The metabolism of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in normal and anephric humans. , 1974, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[9]  M. Haussler,et al.  1Alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3. An analog of vitamin D which apparently acts by metabolism to 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. , 1974, Biochemistry.

[10]  L. Avioli,et al.  The effect of chronic uremia on intestinal mitochondrial activity. , 1974, The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine.

[11]  W. Briggs,et al.  Reduced calcium absorption after nephrectomy in uremic patients. , 1974, The New England journal of medicine.

[12]  J. Fordtran,et al.  Jejunal absorption and secretion of calcium in patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis. , 1974, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[13]  A. Norman,et al.  Metabolism and action of the hormone vitamin D. Its relation to diseases of calcium homeostasis. , 1974, The Western journal of medicine.

[14]  J. Chanard,et al.  A rapid method for measurement of fractional intestinal absorption of calcium. , 1974, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[15]  A. Arieff,et al.  Divalent ion metabolism in patients with acute renal failure: studies on the mechanism of hypocalcemia. , 1974, Kidney international.

[16]  S. Massry,et al.  Effect of acute and long-standing hypocalcemia on blood pressure and plasma renin activity in man. , 1974, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[17]  M. Haussler,et al.  Radioreceptor Assay for 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 , 1974, Science.

[18]  R. G. Henderson,et al.  Effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on calcium absorption, muscle weakness, and bone disease in chronic renal failure. , 1974, Lancet.

[19]  H. DeLuca,et al.  Formation of 1,24-24-trihydroxyvitamin D3 from 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 , 1974 .

[20]  S. Massry,et al.  1,25 Dihydroxy-vitamin D3 in normal man and patients with renal failure. , 1974, Annals of internal medicine.

[21]  L. Avioli,et al.  Metabolism of tritiated 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in chronically uremic children before and after successful renal homotransplantation. , 1973, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[22]  Z. Varghese,et al.  Evolution of Bone Disease over 10 Years in 135 Patients with Terminal Renal Failure , 1973, British medical journal.

[23]  J. Kopple,et al.  METABOLIC STUDIES OF LOW PROTEIN DIETS IN UREMIA: II. CALCIUM, PHOSPHOKUS AND MAGNESIUM , 1973, Medicine.

[24]  L. Avioli,et al.  Abnormal bone mineral maturation in the chronic uremic state. , 1973, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[25]  J. Hunter,et al.  1-Alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol as a substitute for the kidney hormone 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in chronic renal failure. , 1973, Lancet.

[26]  Coburn Jw,et al.  Editorial: Role of the kidney in the metabolism of calciferol (vitamin D). , 1973 .

[27]  S. Massry,et al.  Intestinal absorption of calcium and the effect of renal insufficiency. , 1973, Kidney international.

[28]  L. Avioli.  Collagen metabolism, uremia and bone. , 1973, Kidney international.

[29]  J. Eastwood,et al.  Net intestinal absorption of calcium in patients with chronic renal failure. , 1973, Kidney international.

[30]  S. Massry,et al.  Study of intestinal absorption of calcium in patients with renal failure. , 1973, Kidney international.

[31]  E. Mawer,et al.  Failure of formation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in chronic renal insufficiency. , 1973, Lancet.

[32]  S. Massry,et al.  Skeletal resistance to parathyroid hormone in renal failure. Studies in 105 human subjects. , 1973, Annals of internal medicine.

[33]  L. Avioli,et al.  Effect of experimental chronic renal insufficiency on bone mineral and collagen maturation. , 1972, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[34]  A. Norman,et al.  Action of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, a potent, kidney-produced metabolite of vitamin D, in uremic man. , 1972, The New England journal of medicine.

[35]  N. Bricker,et al.  On the prevention of secondary hyperparathyroidism in experimental chronic renal disease using "proportional reduction" of dietary phosphorus intake. , 1972, Kidney international.

[36]  K. Schaefer,et al.  The Metabolic Fate of (26,27) 3H‐25‐Hydroxyvitamin D3 in Normal, Uremic and Rachitic Rats , 1972, European journal of clinical investigation.

[37]  G. Mechanic,et al.  Quantitative changes of bone collagen crosslinks and precursors in vitamin D deficiency. , 1972, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[38]  R. G. Wong,et al.  Biologic effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (a highly active vitamin D metabolite) in acutely uremic rats. , 1972, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[39]  L. Avioli.  Intestinal absorption of calcium. , 1972, Archives of internal medicine.

[40]  J. Wergedal,et al.  BONE DISEASE IN UREMIA , 1972, Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs.

[41]  S. Massry,et al.  TURNOVER OF ENDOGENOUS PARATHYROID HORMONE IN UREMIC PATIENTS AND THOSE UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS , 1972, Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs.

[42]  R. Recker,et al.  Calcium absorption in renal failure: its relationship to blood urea nitrogen, dietary calcium intake, time on dialysis, and other variables. , 1971, The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine.

[43]  H. DeLuca,et al.  Vitamin D Metabolism: The Role of Kidney Tissue , 1971, Science.

[44]  J. Canterbury,et al.  Genesis of hyperparathyroidism. , 1971, The American journal of medicine.

[45]  E. Mawer,et al.  The apparent vitamin D resistance of chronic renal failure. A study of the physiology of vitamin D in man. , 1971 .

[46]  H. Nowicki,et al.  Studies on calciferol metabolism. I. Production of vitamin D metabolite 4B from 25-OH-cholecalciferol by kidney homogenates. , 1971, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[47]  J. Pennell,et al.  On the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism in chronic experimental renal insufficiency in the dog. , 1971, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[48]  D. Fraser,et al.  Unique Biosynthesis by Kidney of a Biologically Active Vitamin D Metabolite , 1970, Nature.

[49]  E. Gershon,et al.  The nature of vitamin D resistance in experimental uremia. , 1970, Archives of internal medicine.

[50]  M. Kaye,et al.  Arrest of hyperparathyroid bone disease with dihydrotachysterol in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. , 1970, Annals of internal medicine.

[51]  R. Baerg,et al.  Effect of renal insufficiency on the active transport of calcium by the small intestine. , 1970, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[52]  S. Massry,et al.  Renal Osteodystrophy: Some Therapeutic Considerations Relative to Long-Term Dialysis and Transplantation , 1969 .

[53]  J. Jowsey,et al.  Microradiographic studies of bone in renal osteodystrophy. , 1969, Archives of Internal Medicine.

[54]  L. Avioli,et al.  The nature of vitamin D resistance of patients with chronic renal disease. , 1969 .

[55]  E. Mawer,et al.  Osteodystrophy developing spontaneously in the course of chronic renal failure. , 1969, Archives of internal medicine.

[56]  L. Avioli,et al.  Caclium, phosphorus, and bone in renal disease and transplantation. , 1969, Archives of internal medicine.

[57]  Ogg Cs.  The intestinal absorption of 47Ca by patients in chronic renal failure. , 1968 .

[58]  S. Massry,et al.  Divalent ion metabolism and osteodystrophy in chronic renal failure. , 1967, The Yale journal of biology and medicine.

[59]  H. DeLuca,et al.  Metabolism of vitamin D3-3H in human subjects: distribution in blood, bile, feces, and urine. , 1967, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[60]  R. Yalow,et al.  Parathyroid Hormone in Plasma in Adenomatous Hyperparathyroidism, Uremia, and Bronchogenic Carcinoma , 1966, Science.

[61]  M. Kaye,et al.  Calcium metabolism in chronic renal failure. , 1965, The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine.

[62]  S. Stanbury,et al.  METABOLIC STUDIES OF RENAL OSTEODYSTROPHY: I. CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN METABOLISM IN RICKETS, OSTEOMALACIA AND HYPERPARATHYROIDISM COMPLICATING CHRONIC UREMIA AND IN THE OSTEOMALACIA OF THE ADULT FANCONI SYNDROME , 1962, Medicine.

[63]  P. Fourman.  Calcium Metabolism and the Bone , 1962 .

[64]  Follis Rh.  Renal rickets and osteitis fibrosa in children and adolescents. , 1950 .

[65]  F. Albright,et al.  The accumulation, interpretation, and presentation of data pertaining to metabolic balances, notably those of calcium, phosphorus, and nitrogen. , 1945, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[66]  S. H. Liu,et al.  STUDIES OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PATHOGENESIS AND EFFECTS OF DIHYDROTACHYSTEROL (A.T.10) AND IRON , 1943 .

[67]  A. Norman,et al.  Studies on the metabolism of calciferol XII. Production in vitro of 1,24,25-(OH)3-vitamin D3 and a search for its occurrence in vivo. , 1975, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

[68]  L. F. Hill,et al.  Vitamin d and the kidney. , 1975, Nephron.

[69]  L. Avioli,et al.  The nature of the collagen cross-links in bone in the chronic uraemic state. , 1975, The Biochemical journal.

[70]  A. Norman,et al.  Calciferol metabolism and intestinal calcium transport in the chick with reduced renal function. , 1974, The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine.

[71]  S. Massry,et al.  Action of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in normal and uraemic man. , 1973, Proceedings of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association. European Dialysis and Transplant Association.

[72]  J. Eastwood,et al.  Lack of histological evidence of vitamin D abnormality in the bones of anephric patients. , 1973, Clinical science.

[73]  K. Schaefer,et al.  Metabolism of 1,2 H 3 -4-C 14 -cholecalciferol in normal, uremic and anephric subjects. , 1972, Israel journal of medical sciences.

[74]  E. Mawer,et al.  The metabolism of isotopically labelled vitamin D3 in man: the influence of the state of vitamin D nutrition. , 1971, Clinical science.

[75]  C. Dent,et al.  The treatment of renal-glomerular osteodystrophy. , 1961, The Quarterly journal of medicine.