Embedding Intelligence: Research Issues for Ubiquitous Computing

Summary: In this paper we discuss the need for new technologies to enable the full benefits of ubiquitous computing to be realised in domestic environments. We argue that a key aspect of such new technology is that of embedding intelligence into devices. We do this by explaining the enhanced functionality that embedded-intelligence can provide to everyday products. In particular we describe how intelligence is the key to groups of artefacts learning to work together to achieve higher level, user-determined goals. We outline a scenario for an “Intelligent Domestic Environment” based on an Intelligent Student Dormitory (iDorm) being built at the University of Essex that will allow experimentation on “cognitive disappearance” of explicit control of devices arising from a networked system of intelligent artefacts. We explain the challenges facing those seeking to develop methods of embedding intelligent into computationally compact and distributed co-operating artefacts. Finally we summarise our arguments as to why “cognitive disappearance” requires intelligent artefacts and describe some of the projects we are working on that address these underlying research issues. 1.0 Introduction 1.1 The Vision Today people’s domestic spaces are becoming increasingly “decorated” by electronic or computer-base d artefacts (gadgets) varying from, mobile telephones through CD players to transport systems and beyond. The variety of computer-based artefacts, and their capabilities, is growing at an unprecedented rate fuelled by advances in microelectronics and Internet technology. Cheap and compact microelectronics means most everyday artefacts (e.g. shoes, cups) are now potential targets of embedded-computers, while ever-pervasive networks will allow such artefacts to be associated together in both familiar and novel arrangements to make highly personalised systems. However, in order to realise this possibility, technologies must be developed that will support ad-hoc and highly dynamic (re)structuring of such artefacts whilst shielding non-technical users from the need to understand or work directly with the technology “hidden” inside such artefacts or systems of artefacts. How can this aim be achieved? The authors are part of the eGadgets project [http://www.extrovert-gadgets.net] which is funded by the EU “Disappearing Computer” programme and in this paper we will describe how embedding intelligence into artefacts in the form of embedded-agents could provide one viable solution.