Fetal cardiac function in late‐onset intrauterine growth restriction vs small‐for‐gestational age, as defined by estimated fetal weight, cerebroplacental ratio and uterine artery Doppler

Among late‐onset small fetuses, a combination of estimated fetal weight (EFW), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) and mean uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index (PI) can predict a subgroup of fetuses with poor perinatal outcome; however, the association of these criteria with fetal cardiac structure and function is unknown. Our aim was to determine the presence and severity of signs indicating cardiac dysfunction in small fetuses, classified as intrauterine growth‐restricted (IUGR) or small‐for‐gestational age (SGA), according to EFW, CPR and UtA‐PI.

[1]  Bart Bijnens,et al.  A fetal cardiovascular score to predict infant hypertension and arterial remodeling in intrauterine growth restriction. , 2014, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[2]  B. Bijnens,et al.  Aortic and carotid intima–media thickness in term small‐for‐gestational‐age newborns and relationship with prenatal signs of severity , 2014, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[3]  E. Gratacós,et al.  Update on the Diagnosis and Classification of Fetal Growth Restriction and Proposal of a Stage-Based Management Protocol , 2014, Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy.

[4]  B. Bijnens,et al.  Patterns of maternal vascular remodeling and responsiveness in early- versus late-onset preeclampsia. , 2013, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[5]  A. Sehgal,et al.  Cardiac function and arterial biophysical properties in small for gestational age infants: postnatal manifestations of fetal programming. , 2013, The Journal of pediatrics.

[6]  Fatima Crispi,et al.  Long-Term Follow-Up of Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Cardiovascular Disorders , 2013, Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy.

[7]  F. Figueras,et al.  Value of annular M‐mode displacement vs tissue Doppler velocities to assess cardiac function in intrauterine growth restriction , 2013, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[8]  R. Cruz‐Martínez,et al.  Evaluation of Conventional Doppler Fetal Cardiac Function Parameters: E/A Ratios, Outflow Tracts, and Myocardial Performance Index , 2012, Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy.

[9]  E. Gratacós,et al.  Changes in myocardial performance index and aortic isthmus and ductus venosus Doppler in term, small‐for‐gestational age fetuses with normal umbilical artery pulsatility index , 2011, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[10]  E. Gratacós,et al.  Tissue Doppler echocardiographic markers of cardiac dysfunction in small-for-gestational age fetuses. , 2011, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[11]  E. Gratacós,et al.  Gestational age‐ and estimated fetal weight‐adjusted reference ranges for myocardial tissue Doppler indices at 24–41 weeks' gestation , 2011, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[12]  Eduard Gratacós,et al.  Usefulness of myocardial tissue Doppler vs conventional echocardiography in the evaluation of cardiac dysfunction in early-onset intrauterine growth restriction. , 2010, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[13]  Bart Bijnens,et al.  Fetal Growth Restriction Results in Remodeled and Less Efficient Hearts in Children , 2010, Circulation.

[14]  Francesc Figueras,et al.  Neurobehavior in Term, Small-for-Gestational Age Infants With Normal Placental Function , 2009, Pediatrics.

[15]  Elisenda Eixarch,et al.  Cardiac dysfunction and cell damage across clinical stages of severity in growth-restricted fetuses. , 2008, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[16]  J. Huhta,et al.  Comparison between pulsed‐wave Doppler‐ and tissue Doppler‐derived Tei indices in fetuses with and without congenital heart disease , 2008, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[17]  S. Cnattingius,et al.  Perinatal Risk Factors for Ischemic Heart Disease: Disentangling the Roles of Birth Weight and Preterm Birth , 2008, Circulation.

[18]  O. Vuolteenaho,et al.  Cardiovascular hemodynamics and umbilical artery N‐terminal peptide of proB‐type natriuretic peptide in human fetuses with growth restriction , 2007, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[19]  E. Kulinskaya,et al.  Myocardial tissue Doppler and long axis function in the fetal heart. , 2006, International journal of cardiology.

[20]  J. Bland,et al.  Assessment of the intraobserver variability in the measurement of fetal cardiothoracic ratio using ellipse and diameter methods , 2006, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[21]  B. McCrindle,et al.  Development of Z‐scores for fetal cardiac dimensions from echocardiography , 2005, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[22]  E. Gratacós,et al.  A modified myocardial performance (Tei) index based on the use of valve clicks improves reproducibility of fetal left cardiac function assessment , 2005, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[23]  Antonio Farina,et al.  The Tei index for evaluation of fetal myocardial performance in sick fetuses. , 2005, Early human development.

[24]  A. Baschat,et al.  The cerebroplacental Doppler ratio revisited , 2003, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[25]  L. Cobellis,et al.  Uterine and fetal cerebral Doppler predict the outcome of third‐trimester small‐for‐gestational age fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler , 2002, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[26]  D J Sahn,et al.  Evaluation of systolic and diastolic ventricular performance of the right ventricle in fetuses with ductal constriction using the Doppler Tei index. , 2001, The American journal of cardiology.

[27]  M. Hack,et al.  Perinatal correlates and neonatal outcomes of small for gestational age infants born at term gestation. , 2001, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[28]  A. Stewart,et al.  Umbilical artery Doppler studies in small for gestational age babies reflect disease severity , 2000, BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[29]  K. Nicolaides,et al.  Reference ranges for fetal venous and atrioventricular blood flow parameters , 1994, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[30]  D. Arduini,et al.  Doppler echocardiographic assessment of fetal cardiac function , 1992, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[31]  J Golding,et al.  Growth in utero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. , 1989, BMJ.

[32]  B. Siassi,et al.  Fetal echocardiography. IV. M-mode assessment of ventricular size and contractility during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy in the normal fetus. , 1984, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[33]  A. H. Adam,et al.  THE ACCURACY OF RADIOLOGICAL ESTIMATES OF GESTATIONAL AGE USING EARLY FETAL CROWN‐RUMP LENGTH MEASUREMENTS BY ULTRASOUND AS A BASIS FOR COMPARISON , 1979, British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[34]  J. Gardosi,et al.  Growth deficit in term small-for-gestational fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler is associated with adverse outcome , 2009, Journal of perinatal medicine.

[35]  J Figueras,et al.  Customized birthweight standards for a Spanish population. , 2008, European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology.