Genotypic Relationships and Taxonomic Localization of Unclassified Pseudomonas and Pseudomonas-Like Strains by Deoxyribonucleic Acid:Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Hybridizations

The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA):ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) hybridization technique was used to reveal the relationships and taxonomic positions of an additional 83 strains belonging to 43 saprophytic or pathogenic Pseudomonas species and 29 named and unnamed Pseudomonas-like strains. The DNA:rRNA hybrids were characterized by the following two parameters: (i) the temperature at which one-half of the hybrid was eluted and (ii) the percentage of rRNA binding (the amount of rRNA bound per 100 g of filter-fixed DNA). We also used, for a limited number of strains, numerical analysis of carbon assimilation tests to delineate the finer taxonomic relationships of organisms. Of the 83 strains examined, 78 could be definitely assigned either to an rRNA branch or to an rRNA superfamily within the Proteobacteria. Only 25 of our strains belong in the genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto (our Pseudomonas fluorescens rRNA branch). In general, about two-thirds of the named Pseudomonas species have been misclassified and are distributed over at least seven genera all through the Proteobacteria. These organisms need to be reclassified and generically renamed according to their phylogenetic relationships. However, more detailed phenotypic and genotypic studies are necessary before definite nomenclatural proposals can be made. A comprehensive list of the phylogenetic affiliations of the Pseudomonas species is included.

[1]  E. Stackebrandt,et al.  Proteobacteria classis nov., a Name for the Phylogenetic Taxon That Includes the “Purple Bacteria and Their Relatives” , 1988 .

[2]  B. Jenni,et al.  Taxonomy of non H2-Lithotrophic, Oxalate-Oxidizing Bacteria Related to Alcaligenes eutrophus , 1988 .

[3]  A. Willems,et al.  Transfer of Xanthomonas ampelina Panagopoulos 1969 to a New Genus, Xylophilus gen. nov., as Xylophilus ampelinus (Panagopoulos 1969) comb. nov. , 1987 .

[4]  C. Woese,et al.  Bacterial evolution , 1987, Microbiological reviews.

[5]  J. Swings,et al.  Phenotypic and Genotypic Diversity of Pseudomonas tolaasii and White Line Reacting Organisms Isolated from Cultivated Mushrooms , 1986 .

[6]  J. Ley,et al.  Inter- and Intrageneric Similarities of Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Cistrons of the Neisseriaceae , 1986 .

[7]  J. Ley,et al.  Intra- and Intergeneric Similarities of the Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Cistrons of Acinetobacter , 1986 .

[8]  P. Vos,et al.  Comamonas Davis and Park 1962 gen. nov., nom. rev. emend., and Comamonas terrigena Hugh 1962 sp. nov., nom. rev. , 1985 .

[9]  L. Blackall,et al.  Cellulolytic and dextranolytic Gram-negative bacteria: revival of the genus Cellvibrio , 1985 .

[10]  L. Moore,et al.  Index of the Bacterial and Yeast Nomenclatural Changes Published in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology Since the 1980 Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (1 January 1980 to 1 January 1985) , 1985 .

[11]  P. Vos,et al.  Ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistron similarities of phytopathogenic Pseudomonas species , 1985 .

[12]  P. Baumann,et al.  Description of Deleya gen. nov. Created to Accommodate the Marine Species Alcaligenes aestus, A. pacificus, A. cupidus, A. venustus, and Pseudomonas marina , 1983 .

[13]  J. Ley,et al.  Intra- and intergeneric similarities of the rRNA cistrons of Alteromonas, Marinomonas (gen. nov.) and some other gram-negative bacteria , 1983 .

[14]  P. Vos,et al.  Intra- and Intergeneric Similarities of Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Cistrons , 1983 .

[15]  P. Vos,et al.  Transfer of Pseudomonas maltophilia Hugh 1981 to the Genus Xanthomonas as Xanthomonas maltophilia (Hugh 1981) comb. nov. , 1983 .

[16]  P. Jackman,et al.  The similarities between Pseudomonas paucimobilis and allied bacteria derived from analysis of deoxyribonucleic acids and electrophoretic protein patterns. , 1982, Journal of general microbiology.

[17]  R. Jensen,et al.  Comparative allostery of 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthetase as an indicator of taxonomic relatedness in pseudomonad genera , 1981, Journal of bacteriology.

[18]  R. Jensen,et al.  Variable enzymological patterning in tyrosine biosynthesis as a means of determining natural relatedness among the Pseudomonadaceae , 1980, Journal of bacteriology.

[19]  P. Vos,et al.  Identification of the Leaf Nodule Bacterial Strain PeH220 as Erwinia herbicola subsp. herbicola , 1980 .

[20]  M. Gillis,et al.  Intra- and Intergeneric Similarities of Chromobacterium and Janthinobacterium Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Cistrons , 1978 .

[21]  J. Ley,et al.  Intra- and Intergeneric Similarities of Agrobacterium Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Cistrons , 1977 .

[22]  J. M. Shewan,et al.  A Numerical Taxonomic Study of Some Pseudomonas-like Marine Bacteria , 1977 .

[23]  R. E. Buchanan,et al.  Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. , 1975 .

[24]  M. Doudoroff,et al.  Nucleic Acid Homologies in the Genus Pseudomonas , 1973 .

[25]  S. Bell,et al.  Iodinin Biosynthesis by a Pseudomonad , 1973 .

[26]  M. Doudoroff,et al.  Deoxyribonucleic Acid Homologies Among Some Pseudomonas Species , 1972, Journal of bacteriology.

[27]  R. Allen,et al.  Taxonomy of Aerobic Marine Eubacteria , 1972, Journal of bacteriology.

[28]  M. Doudoroff,et al.  The aerobic pseudomonads: a taxonomic study. , 1966, Journal of general microbiology.

[29]  V. Sundman.  A DESCRIPTION OF SOME LIGNANOLYTIC SOIL BACTERIA AND THEIR ABILITY TO OXIDIZE SIMPLE PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS. , 1964, Journal of general microbiology.

[30]  O. Lysenko.  Pseudomonas--an attempt at a general classification. , 1961, Journal of general microbiology.

[31]  Pha Sneath,et al.  Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (Amended) , 1989 .

[32]  F. Bekaert,et al.  Intra- and intergeneric relationships of the genus Oceanospirillum , 1989 .

[33]  V. Huss,et al.  Transfer of Pseudomonas perfectomarina Baumann, Bowditch, Baumann, and Beaman 1983 to Pseudomonas stutzeri (Lehmann and Neumann 1896) Sijderius 1946 , 1987 .

[34]  J. Mergaert,et al.  Genus Erwinia: Numerical Analysis of Phenotypic Features , 1987 .

[35]  M. Gillis,et al.  Ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistron similarities and taxonomic neighborhood of Brucella and CDC group Vd , 1987 .

[36]  K. Komagata,et al.  Reclassification of Pseudomonas acidovorans den Dooren de Jong 1926 and Pseudomonas testosteroni Marcus and Talalay 1956 as Comamonas acidovorans comb. nov. and Comamonas testosteroni comb. nov., with an Emended Description of the Genus Comamonas , 1987 .

[37]  J. Ley,et al.  Intra- and Intergeneric Similarities of Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Cistrons of Free-Living, Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria , 1980 .

[38]  M. Gillis,et al.  Intra- and Intergeneric Similarities of the Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Cistrons of Acetobacter and Gluconobacter , 1980 .

[39]  I. Yano,et al.  FLAVOBACTERIUM DEVORANS ATCC 10829: A STRAIN OF PSEUDOMONAS PAUCIMOBILIS , 1979 .

[40]  R. Owen,et al.  Base composition, size and sequence similarities of genoma deoxyribonucleic acids from clinical isolates of Pseudomonas putrefaciens. , 1978, Journal of general microbiology.

[41]  H. Iizuka,et al.  CHARACTERISTICS OF ERWINIA HERBICOLA , 1968 .