Risks associated with the introduction of Pinus contorta in northern Sweden with respect to pathogens

Abstract Severe damage by Scleroderris canker, caused by the fungus Gremmeniella abietina , was recorded in provenance and progeny tests as well as in conventional plantings of Pinus contorta in areas with a harsh climate in northern Sweden in 1987. Damage was related to a period with extreme weather conditions. The Swedish Forestry Act placed restrictions on the planting programme of P. contorta in 1987, 1989 and 1991. The disease situation in northern Sweden in the mid 1990s is discussed as well as the risks associated with the introduction of exotics in relation to the historical background. Attention is also drawn to parasitic fungi, which are infecting P. contorta in its natural range in western Canada, and to the potential threat they represent to the indigenous Pinus sylvestris in Sweden.

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