Universal active filter with current gain using OTAs

Roberts and Sedra (1989) proposed that the circuits based on current amplifiers operate at higher signal bandwidths, with greater linearity, and have larger dynamic range than their voltage-based circuit counterparts. A universal active filter with current gain using operational transconductance amplifiers is presented. The circuit offers independent control of ω0 Q and current gain with separate transconductances; uses grounded capacitors and is therefore ideal for integration; is constructed using seven OTAs, two grounded capacitors, and one grounded resistor; and can be used for a switched-capacitor filter simply by replacing the grounded resistor with a grounded switched capacitor.