The Internet of Things technology has greatly improved productivity, including agricultural production. In this paper, a smart agricultural monitoring system is constructed, and the Internet of Things technology is applied to improve agricultural production. First of all, the system uses monitoring sensors to collect data through the data collection network, so as to realize the real-time perception of soil condition and other environments needed by crop growth. Then, the collected information is fused on the data level, and the automatic control system is used to realize the on-off control of ventilation, irrigation, and supplementary light. Besides, we will also adopt the anomaly detection system to improve the reliability of the equipment. As a result, the degree of automaticity, remoteness, and refinement of the agricultural production is enhanced based on the accurate on-line monitoring realized by the proposed system.