Schwann cell‐like myelination following transplantation of an olfactory bulb‐ensheathing cell line into areas of demyelination in the adult CNS

In this study we have transplanted a clonal olfactory bulb‐ensheathing cell line into focal areas of the rat spinal cord which contain demyelinated axons but neither oligodendrocytes nor astrocytes. The cell line was created by retroviral incorporation of the temperature‐sensitive Tag gene into FACS‐sorted 04+ cells from 7‐day‐old rat pup olfactory bulb. The spinal cord lesions were obtained by injecting small volumes of ethidium bromide into the dorsal white matter of spinal cord previously exposed to 40 Grays of X‐irradiation. Many of the axons were remyelinated by P0+ myelin sheaths 21 days after transplantation. Light and electron microscopy revealed cells engaging and myelinating axons in a manner highly reminiscent of Schwann cells within similar lesions. GFAP+ cells were also present within the lesion. This study provides the first in vivo evidence that olfactory bulb‐ensheathing cells are able to produce peripheral‐type myelin sheaths around axons of the appropriate diameter. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

[1]  S. Barnett,et al.  Low-affinity NGF-receptor and E-N-CAM expression define two types of olfactory nerve ensheathing cells that share a common lineage. , 1996, Developmental biology.

[2]  R. Devon,et al.  Olfactory ensheathing cells do not requirel-ascorbic acid in vitro to assemble a basal lamina or to myelinate dorsal root ganglion neurites , 1995, Brain Research.

[3]  F. Valverde,et al.  Olfactory bulb ensheathing glia: A unique cell type with axonal growth‐promoting properties , 1995, Glia.

[4]  R. Franklin,et al.  Glial-cell transplantation and plasticity in the O-2A lineage — implications for CNS repair , 1995, Trends in Neurosciences.

[5]  R. Devon,et al.  Elevated intracellular levels of cAMP induce olfactory ensheathing cells to express GAL‐C and GFAP but not MBP , 1995, Glia.

[6]  R. Franklin,et al.  Glial cell transplants that are subsequently rejected can be used to influence regeneration of glial cell environments in the CNS , 1995, Glia.

[7]  M. Nieto‐Sampedro,et al.  Regeneration into the Spinal Cord of Transected Dorsal Root Axons Is Promoted by Ensheathing Glia Transplants , 1994, Experimental Neurology.

[8]  R. Franklin,et al.  In vitro and In vivo Analysis of a Rat Bipotential O – 2A Progenitor Cell Line Containing the Temperature‐sensitive Mutant Gene of the SV40 Large T Antigen , 1993, The European journal of neuroscience.

[9]  R. Franklin,et al.  Requirements for schwann cell migration within cns environments: A viewpoint , 1993, International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience.

[10]  J. Silver,et al.  Establishment and neurite outgrowth properties of neonatal and adult rat olfactory bulb glial cell lines , 1993, Brain Research.

[11]  J. Hauw,et al.  Pathways of migration of transplanted Schwann cells in the demyelinated mouse spinal cord , 1993, Journal of neuroscience research.

[12]  R. Doucette Glial progenitor cells of the nerve fiber layer of the olfactory bulb: Effect of astrocyte growth media , 1993, Journal of neuroscience research.

[13]  R. Franklin,et al.  The reconstruction of an astrocytic environment in glia-deficient areas of white matter , 1993, Journal of neurocytology.

[14]  M. Noble,et al.  Purification of olfactory nerve ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb. , 1993, Developmental biology.

[15]  R. Doucette,et al.  Glial cells in the nerve fiber layer of the main olfactory bulb of embryonic and adult mammals , 1993, Microscopy research and technique.

[16]  A. Gansmuller,et al.  Repair of a myelin lesion by Schwann cells transplanted in the adult mouse spinal cord , 1992, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[17]  J. Trotter,et al.  The differentiation of glial cell progenitor populations following transplantation into non-repairing central nervous system glial lesions in adult animals , 1992, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[18]  R. Devon,et al.  Olfactory ensheathing cells myelinate dorsal root ganglion neurites , 1992, Brain Research.

[19]  R. Franklin,et al.  The behaviour of meningeal cells following glial cell transplantation into chemically‐induced areas of demyelination in the CNS , 1992, Neuropathology and applied neurobiology.

[20]  Kenneth J. Smith,et al.  Conduction properties of central nerve fibers remyelinated by Schwann cells , 1992, Brain Research.

[21]  M. Nieto‐Sampedro,et al.  Glial cells from adult rat olfactory bulb: Immunocytochemical properties of pure cultures of ensheathing cells , 1992, Neuroscience.

[22]  R. Franklin,et al.  Type 1 astrocytes fail to inhibit Schwann cell remyelination of CNS axons in the absence of cells of the O-2A lineage. , 1992, Developmental neuroscience.

[23]  R. Doucette PNS‐CNS transitional zone of the first cranial nerve , 1991, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[24]  G. Raisman,et al.  Cultured epithelioid astrocytes migrate after transplantation into the adult rat brain , 1991, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[25]  Robert H Miller,et al.  Immature type-1 astrocytes suppress glial scar formation, are motile and interact with blood vessels , 1991, Brain Research.

[26]  C. Cepko,et al.  Establishment and characterization of multipotent neural cell lines using retrovirus vector-mediated oncogene transfer. , 1990, Journal of neurobiology.

[27]  R. Doucette Glial influences on axonal growth in the primary olfactory system , 1990, Glia.

[28]  R. Coggeshall,et al.  Ascending unmyelinated primary afferent fibers in the dorsal funiculus , 1989, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[29]  A. Crang,et al.  The use of cultured autologous Schwann cells to remyelinate areas of persistent demyelination in the central nervous system , 1985, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.