Failure of Biomaterials Subjected to Temperature and Moisture Gradients Using the Finite Element Method: I - Thermo-Hydro Viscoelasticity

ABSTRACT THE theory and formulation for thermo-hydro viscoelastic boundary value problems are developed. The effect of constant and transient temperature and moisture states on constitutive equations are discussed. The finite element method is applied to develop a numerical formulation for this complex problem and different solution procedures are considered.