A New Black Hole Detection Scheme for Vanets

In this paper, we address a key topic in the field of computer networking security which is the detection of black hole nodes in VANETs "Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks" that are vulnerable to security attacks due to its infrastructureless nature. The black hole attack is a form of a denial of service attack that makes a gap for data traffic in a VANET. Our solution is suitable for a low density network where each car moves in a straight line and delivers packets to other neighboring cars using a geographic routing protocol. Road side units are placed in the intersection of roads and may accept to transfer packets when a car encounters a problem of packet delivery. The black hole attack is considered at the network layer and each car maintains a trust table in order to evaluate the reliability of neighboring cars. Each sender updates the trust value of each neighbor according to the acknowledgement received by the destination and uses jointly this value with the progress to select the best neighbor. More specifically, IEEE 802.11 is the communication standard that is used and guarantees the functions of the physical and the data link layers and solves the common problems of wireless communication between the cars since our focus is related to the network layer. Omnet++ is the simulation tool which is used to design and simulate our proposed scheme. Our results demonstrate the routing and the detection process and the impact of the density on the required time for the detection.

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