A MAC Protocol for Data Gathering in Linear Wireless Sensor Network Based on Selective Relay Nodes

Medium access control (MAC) protocol is very important for energy efficiency in WSN. Different from mesh WSN, linear WSN has specific features of long and narrow. An energy efficient MAC protocol is proposed for data gathering in linear WSN in this paper. In this protocol, the energy consumption factor and residual energy balance factor are defined and combined together to form a comprehensive energy consumption impact factor. In order to enhance the performance, specific nodes with small energy consumption impact factor are chosen as relay nodes when a source node transmits data to the sink. A gradient schedule mechanism is used to schedule the sleep/wakeup states of nodes in each data collection cycle. Simulation experiments are conducted and the results show that SLDMAC provides better energy efficiency and long lifetime than the other two protocols with acceptable delay.

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