Previous studies of online user attention during information seeking tasks have mainly focused on analyzing searcher behavior in the web search settings. While these studies enabled better understanding of search result examination, their findings might not generalize for the tasks and search interfaces in other domains such as Shopping or Social Media. In this paper we present, to best of our knowledge, the first cross-domain comparison of search examination behavior and patterns of aggregated attention across Web Search, News, Shopping and Social Network domains. We investigate how domain of the search and the scope of the information need affect search examination, and find significant differences beyond those arising from natural disparities between individuals. For example, we find that the mean fixation duration, a common indicator of cognitive load, varies significantly across domains (e.g., mean fixation duration in the Social Network domain exceeds that of general Web Search by over 30%). We also find large differences in the aggregate patterns of user attention on the screen, especially in the Shopping and Social Network domains compared to the Web Search domain, emphasizing the need for domain specific user models and evaluation metrics.
[1]
Päivi Majaranta,et al.
Eye-Tracking Reveals the Personal Styles for Search Result Evaluation
,
2005,
INTERACT.
[2]
Linden J. Ball,et al.
Eye tracking in HCI and usability research.
,
2006
.
[3]
Joseph H. Goldberg,et al.
Computer interface evaluation using eye movements: methods and constructs
,
1999
.
[4]
Bing Pan,et al.
The determinants of web page viewing behavior: an eye-tracking study
,
2004,
ETRA.
[5]
Joseph H. Goldberg,et al.
Eye tracking in web search tasks: design implications
,
2002,
ETRA.
[6]
Linden J. Ball,et al.
An Eye Movement Analysis of Web Page Usability
,
2002
.
[7]
Ling Xia,et al.
Eye tracking and online search: Lessons learned and challenges ahead
,
2008,
J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..
[8]
Thorsten Joachims,et al.
Eye-tracking analysis of user behavior in WWW search
,
2004,
SIGIR '04.
[9]
M A Just,et al.
A theory of reading: from eye fixations to comprehension.
,
1980,
Psychological review.