Overview of Amplify-and-Forward Relaying

Cooperative diversity has emerged as a promising technique to combat fading in wireless communications (Sendonaris et. al., 2003a; Sendonaris et. al., 2003b). It is based on the broadcast nature of the wireless medium and enables single-antenna users to “enjoy” space diversity benefits by sharing their physical resources through a virtual transmit and/or receive antenna array. The basic relay channel model is comprised of three terminals: a source that transmits information, a destination that receives information, and a relay that both receives and transmits information in order to enhance communication between the source and the destination (Lai et al., 2006). Models with multiple relays have been also examined which can be regarded as an extension of this basic configuration (Azarian et. al., 2005; Kramer et. al., 2005; Ribeiro et. al., 2005; Yang & Belfiore, 2007; Fan et. al., 2007). Since the work of Sendonaris et al. (2003a, 2003b) that introduced the notion of cooperative diversity, a number of AbstrAct

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