Modulating Effects of Planetary Wave 3 on a Stratospheric Sudden Warming Event in 2005

AbstractThe Eliassen–Palm flux (EPF) and Plumb’s wave activity flux (WAF) were computed, using ERA-Interim data, to analyze the influence of planetary wave 3 on a stratospheric sudden warming event from 17 February to 15 March 2005 (SSW05). It was found that 1) SSW05 consisted of three stages: a prior minor warming (MnW05), a late final warming (FW05), and a warming stagnation between MnW05 and FW05; 2) the wave 3 first decreased total upward EPFs by more than 30% at 100 hPa, resulting in the warming stagnation, and then increased upward EPFs by greater than 50%, leading to FW05; and 3) the anomalies of wave-3 activity fluxes were associated with the pattern of Atlantic blocking high in the latter two stages. The interactions between the wave 3 and wave 1 partitioned the zonal upward channel of total wave activity fluxes from one longitudinal region into two longitudinal regions and affected SSW05.

[1]  Jinggao Hu,et al.  Occurrence of Winter Stratospheric Sudden Warming Events and the Seasonal Timing of Spring Stratospheric Final Warming , 2014 .

[2]  B. Ayarzagüena,et al.  Monthly Characterization of the Tropospheric Circulation over the Euro-Atlantic Area in Relation with the Timing of Stratospheric Final Warmings , 2009 .

[3]  P. Vargin.  Stratospheric Polar Vortex Splitting in December 2009 , 2015 .

[4]  T. Matsuno,et al.  A Dynamical Model of the Stratospheric Sudden Warming , 1971 .

[5]  A. Charlton-Perez,et al.  Associations between stratospheric variability and tropospheric blocking , 2010 .

[6]  Yihui Ding,et al.  Observational responses of stratospheric sudden warming to blocking highs and its feedbacks on the troposphere , 2012 .

[7]  S. Colucci,et al.  Diagnostic Comparison of Tropospheric Blocking Events with and without Sudden Stratospheric Warming , 2015 .

[8]  Toshihiko Hirooka,et al.  A Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming Event in January 2009 , 2010 .

[9]  Franco Molteni,et al.  On the operational predictability of blocking , 1990 .

[10]  M. Chipperfield,et al.  Quantifying Arctic ozone loss during the 2004-2005 winter using satellite observations and a chemical transport model , 2007 .

[11]  R. A. Plumb.  On the Three-Dimensional Propagation of Stationary Waves , 1985 .

[12]  H. Nakamura,et al.  Geographical Dependence Observed in Blocking High Influence on the Stratospheric Variability through Enhancement and Suppression of Upward Planetary-Wave Propagation , 2011 .

[13]  K. Kodera,et al.  Influence of the vertical and zonal propagation of stratospheric planetary waves on tropospheric blockings , 2013 .

[14]  R. S. Quiroz.  The association of stratospheric warmings with tropospheric blocking , 1986 .

[15]  A. Solomon.  Wave Activity Events and the Variability of the Stratospheric Polar Vortex , 2014 .

[16]  K. Kodera,et al.  Tropospheric circulation changes associated with stratospheric sudden warmings: A case study , 1995 .

[17]  M. Taguchi.  Is There a Statistical Connection between Stratospheric Sudden Warming and Tropospheric Blocking Events , 2008 .

[18]  Andrew Charlton-Perez,et al.  A New Look at Stratospheric Sudden Warmings. Part III: Polar Vortex Evolution and Vertical Structure , 2009 .

[19]  L. Polvani,et al.  A New Look at Stratospheric Sudden Warmings. Part I: Climatology and Modeling Benchmarks , 2007 .

[20]  S. Pawson,et al.  The Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming of January 2013: Analyses and Forecasts in the GEOS-5 Data Assimilation System , 2015 .

[21]  A. Manson,et al.  Regional stratospheric warmings in the Pacific-Western Canada (PWC) sector during winter 2004/2005: implications for temperatures, winds, chemical constituents and the characterization of the Polar vortex , 2008 .

[22]  L. Polvani,et al.  Blocking precursors to stratospheric sudden warming events , 2009 .

[23]  J. Thepaut,et al.  The ERA‐Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system , 2011 .

[24]  K. Krüger,et al.  The preconditioning of major sudden stratospheric warmings , 2012 .

[25]  Yucheng Song,et al.  Dynamical Mechanisms for Stratospheric Influences on the Troposphere. , 2004 .

[26]  R. X. Black,et al.  The Dynamics of Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Final Warming Events , 2007 .

[27]  M. Bittner,et al.  Resonant interaction between two planetary waves as a precursor for stratospheric warmings , 2011 .

[28]  Darryn W. Waugh,et al.  Upward Wave Activity Flux as a Precursor to Extreme Stratospheric Events and Subsequent Anomalous Surface Weather Regimes , 2004 .

[29]  Varavut Limpasuvan,et al.  The Life Cycle of the Northern Hemisphere Sudden Stratospheric Warmings , 2004 .

[30]  Paolo Davini,et al.  A blocking view of the stratosphere‐troposphere coupling , 2014 .

[31]  J. G. Charney,et al.  Propagation of planetary‐scale disturbances from the lower into the upper atmosphere , 1961 .

[32]  B. Hoskins,et al.  Eliassen-Palm Cross Sections for the Troposphere , 1980 .

[33]  T. Hirooka,et al.  Predictability of Stratospheric Sudden Warming: A Case Study for 1998/99 Winter , 2004 .

[34]  T. Palmer.  Diagnostic Study of a Wavenumber-2 Stratospheric Sudden Warming in a Transformed Eulerian-Mean Formalism , 1981 .

[35]  A Very Large, Spontaneous Stratospheric Sudden Warming in a Simple AGCM: A Prototype for the Southern Hemisphere Warming of 2002? , 2005 .

[36]  J. Gregory.  Middle atmosphere dynamics , 1981, Nature.

[37]  B. Ayarzagüena,et al.  The Relevance of the Location of Blocking Highs for Stratospheric Variability in a Changing Climate , 2015 .

[38]  K. Kodera,et al.  Absorbing and reflecting sudden stratospheric warming events and their relationship with tropospheric circulation , 2016 .

[39]  Jinggao Hu,et al.  Seasonal timing of stratospheric final warming associated with the intensity of stratospheric sudden warming in preceding winter , 2015, Science China Earth Sciences.

[40]  T. Hirooka,et al.  Predictability of Stratospheric Sudden Warmings as Inferred from Ensemble Forecast Data : Intercomparison of 2001/02 and 2003/04 Winters , 2007 .

[41]  Chengming Wen,et al.  The propagation and transport effect of planetary waves in the Northern Hemisphere winter , 2002 .