La asistencia al niño crítico con cardiopatía en España

Introduccion Los ninos con cardiopatia constituyen una causa frecuente de ingreso en UCIP. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la organizacion de su asistencia en Espana. Pacientes y metodos Se elaboro un cuestionario que se envio por correo electronico a todas las UCIP englobadas en la Sociedad Espanola de Cuidados Intensivos Pediatricos. Resultados Contestaron la encuesta 22 UCIP, con una mediana de camas de 9,5 (rango 4-18). Los ingresos de ninos criticos con cardiopatia representaron el 20 % del total de ingresos anuales en las UCIP con actividad cardioquirurgica y hasta el 10 % en UCIP sin dicha actividad. Las causas de ingreso mas frecuentes fueron las cardiopatias congenitas (coartacion aortica y defectos de septo) y, en segundo lugar, problemas no cardiologicos (fundamentalmente infecciones respiratorias). Asisten el postoperatorio de cirugia cardiaca infantil 16 UCIP (4 unidades tienen programa de trasplante cardiaco pediatrico), 10 de ellas de forma centralizada en su centro. Un total de 7 unidades disponen de medios de soporte mecanico miocardico; 10 de las UCIP encuestadas consideraron muy importante adquirir formacion en ecocardiografia, asi como la agrupacion de los pacientes en areas especializadas. Conclusiones La atencion al nino critico con cardiopatia supone una utilizacion importante de recursos en las UCIP, incluidas aquellas que no atienden postoperatorios cardiacos. Este tipo de estudios permite identificar limitaciones communes y favorecer la asistencia de este tipo de pacientes.

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