Seismic vulnerability of gravity dams in near-fault areas

Abstract This research deals with seismic vulnerability assessment of gravity dams located in near-fault areas by proposing a probabilistic seismic demand model for gravity dams considering near-field earthquake ground motions. It is done by conducting a cloud analysis considering two sets of near-field ground motions including 75 pulse-like and 60 non-pulse-like ground motions. By establishing IM-EDP relations, it is attempted to identify optimal IM that is best able to predict the effects of near-field ground motions in terms of optimality criteria of efficiency, sufficiency, proficiency, and practicality. The model is applied to the tallest non-over-flow monolith of the Pine Flat gravity dam which is numerically modeled with its full reservoir using the finite element method. Finally, the seismic vulnerability of the dam is assessed by building its seismic fragility curves separately under the pulse-like and the non-pulse-like earthquakes.

[1]  Temel Türker,et al.  Comparison of near- and far-fault ground motion effect on the nonlinear response of dam–reservoir–foundation systems , 2009 .

[2]  Farshad Berahman,et al.  Probabilistic seismic demand model and fragility estimates for critical failure modes of un-anchored steel storage tanks in petroleum complexes , 2009 .

[3]  Jeeho Lee,et al.  A plastic-damage concrete model for earthquake analysis of dams , 1998 .

[4]  Mohammad Alembagheri,et al.  Effects of Base and Lift Joints on the Dynamic Response of Concrete Gravity Dams to Pulse-Like Excitations , 2017 .

[5]  Nicos Makris,et al.  RIGIDITY–PLASTICITY–VISCOSITY: CAN ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL DAMPERS PROTECT BASE‐ISOLATED STRUCTURES FROM NEAR‐SOURCE GROUND MOTIONS? , 1997 .

[6]  Temel Türker,et al.  The effect of reservoir length on seismic performance of gravity dams to near- and far-fault ground motions , 2010 .

[7]  Mohammad Alembagheri,et al.  Incremental dynamic analysis of concrete gravity dams including base and lift joints , 2013, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration.

[8]  Jian Zhang,et al.  Probabilistic seismic demand analysis of a slender RC shear wall considering soil–structure interaction effects , 2011 .

[9]  Marvin W. Halling,et al.  Near-Source Ground Motion and its Effects on Flexible Buildings , 1995 .

[10]  C. Allin Cornell,et al.  Probabilistic seismic demand analysis of nonlinear structures , 1999 .

[11]  Yunfeng Zhang,et al.  Active Interaction Control of Tall Buildings Subjected to Near-Field Ground Motions , 2002 .

[12]  Mohammad Alembagheri,et al.  Seismic performance sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of gravity dams , 2015 .

[13]  Mohamed A. ElGawady,et al.  Effects of near-fault ground motions and equivalent pulses on multi-story structures , 2011 .

[14]  Jack W. Baker,et al.  VECTOR-VALUED INTENSITY MEASURES FOR PULSE-LIKE NEAR-FAULT GROUND MOTIONS , 2008 .

[15]  Bozidar Stojadinovic,et al.  Probabilistic seismic demand model for curved reinforced concrete bridges , 2012, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering.

[16]  Bruce R. Ellingwood,et al.  Seismic fragility assessment of concrete gravity dams , 2003 .

[17]  Mohammad Alembagheri,et al.  Seismic performance evaluation of a jointed arch dam , 2016 .

[18]  Sherong Zhang,et al.  Damage evaluation of concrete gravity dams under mainshock–aftershock seismic sequences , 2013 .

[19]  Sherong Zhang,et al.  Seismic performance evaluation of dam-reservoir-foundation systems to near-fault ground motions , 2014, Natural Hazards.

[20]  C. Cornell,et al.  Vector-valued Intensity Measures Incorporating Spectral Shape For Prediction of Structural Response , 2008 .

[21]  Temel Türker,et al.  Near-fault ground motion effects on the nonlinear response of dam-reservoir-foundation systems , 2008 .

[22]  Mohammad Alembagheri.  Dynamics of submerged intake towers including interaction with dam and foundation , 2016 .

[23]  R. Mcguire.  Seismic Hazard and Risk Analysis , 2004 .

[24]  Victor E. Saouma,et al.  Probabilistic seismic demand model and optimal intensity measure for concrete dams , 2016 .

[25]  J. Bray,et al.  Characterization of forward-directivity ground motions in the near-fault region , 2004 .

[26]  Andrei M. Reinhorn,et al.  YIELDING OSCILLATOR UNDER TRIANGULAR GROUND ACCELERATION PULSE , 2001 .

[27]  Kevin R. Mackie,et al.  Probabilistic Seismic Demand Model for California Highway Bridges , 2001 .

[28]  M Sasani,et al.  IMPORTANCE OF SEVERE PULSE-TYPE GROUND MOTIONS IN PERFORMANCE-BASED ENGINEERING: HISTORICAL AND CRITICAL REVIEW , 2000 .

[29]  Victor E. Saouma,et al.  Collapse Fragility Curves for Concrete Dams: Comprehensive Study , 2016 .

[30]  Reginald DesRoches,et al.  Selection of optimal intensity measures in probabilistic seismic demand models of highway bridge portfolios , 2008 .

[31]  Vitelmo V. Bertero,et al.  Uncertainties in Establishing Design Earthquakes , 1987 .

[32]  Jack W. Baker,et al.  Probabilistic structural response assessment using vector‐valued intensity measures , 2007 .

[33]  Sherong Zhang,et al.  The effects of strong motion duration on the dynamic response and accumulated damage of concrete gravity dams , 2013 .

[34]  Bruce R. Ellingwood,et al.  Fragility Analysis of Concrete Gravity Dams , 2001 .

[35]  Sherong Zhang,et al.  Effects of near-fault and far-fault ground motions on nonlinear dynamic response and seismic damage of concrete gravity dams , 2013 .

[36]  Steven R. Winterstein,et al.  Probabilistic seismic demand analysis of controlled steel moment‐resisting frame structures , 2002 .

[37]  Paolo Gardoni,et al.  Probabilistic Demand Models and Fragility Curves for Reinforced Concrete Frames , 2006 .

[38]  Paolo Gardoni,et al.  Probabilistic Demand Models and Fragility Estimates for Bridges Elevated with Steel Pedestals , 2013 .

[39]  Babak Alavi-Shushtari,et al.  Effects of Near-Fault Ground Motions on Frame Structures , 2000 .

[40]  Jack W. Baker,et al.  Quantitative Classification of Near-Fault Ground Motions Using Wavelet Analysis , 2007 .