Exploring Task-Based Curriculum Development in a Blended-Learning Conversational Chinese Program

This paper brings task-based language teaching TBLT curriculum development principles into the blended learning context, presenting processes and outcomes from a project to develop a task-based thematic unit-asking and giving directions-in a hybrid web-based university-level class focused on listening and speaking skills in Mandarin Chinese. The authors follow the principled task-based curriculum design phases informed by Long and Crookes 1993 and Long and Norris 2000. Unit-based development made the workload manageable and provided an important experimental space for the instructors to best align task-based principles with online language instruction. First, the context of the project and its theoretical TBLT curriculum development framework are established. The distinct processes of needs analysis, materials development, task sequencing and teaching methods, and assessment methods adopted to meet the special requirements of the class are presented, along with a preliminary formative and summative evaluation of the teaching model. The conclusion discusses the theoretical and practical implications of the project.

[1]  James Dean Brown,et al.  Designing Second Language Performance Assessments , 1998 .

[2]  Diane Nahl,et al.  Affective Load and Engagement in Second Life: Experiencing Urgent, Persistent, and Long-Term Information Needs , 2010, Int. J. Virtual Pers. Learn. Environ..

[3]  Michael H. Long,et al.  Second Language Needs Analysis: A task-based needs analysis of a tertiary Korean as a foreign language program , 2005 .

[4]  Michael H. Long Second Language Needs Analysis: Methodological issues in learner needs analysis , 2005 .

[5]  Michael H. Long,et al.  OPTIMAL PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ENVIRONMENTS FOR DISTANCE FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING , 2003 .

[6]  Jeffery Jacobson Digital Dome Versus Desktop Display: Learning Outcome Assessments by Domain Experts , 2013, Int. J. Virtual Pers. Learn. Environ..

[7]  David Carless,et al.  Managing Systemic Curriculum Change: A Critical Analysis of Hong Kong's Target-Oriented Curriculum Initiative , 1997 .

[8]  Curtis J. Bonk,et al.  The Handbook of Blended Learning: Global Perspectives, Local Designs , 2005 .

[9]  Yip Po-Ching,et al.  Chinese: A Comprehensive Grammar , 2003 .

[10]  Michael H. Long,et al.  Units of analysis in syllabus design: The case for task , 1993 .

[11]  Ajantha Dahanayake,et al.  The Usefulness of Learning Objects in Industry Oriented Learning Environments , 2012, Int. J. Virtual Pers. Learn. Environ..

[12]  Piet Van Avermaet,et al.  From needs to tasks: language learning needs in a task-based approach , 2006 .

[13]  Michelle Winn Second Language Needs Analysis: Collecting target discourse: The case of the US naturalization interview , 2005 .

[14]  Jerremie Clyde,et al.  The Siren Song of Digital Simulation: Games, Procedural Rhetoric, and the Process of Historical Education , 2011, Int. J. Virtual Pers. Learn. Environ..

[15]  Nicola J. Downey Bartlett Second Language Needs Analysis: A double shot 2% mocha latte, please, with whip: Service encounters in two coffee shops and at a coffee cart , 2005 .

[16]  Rod Ellis,et al.  Task-based Language Learning and Teaching , 2003 .

[17]  Vlado Glavinić,et al.  Intelligent Tutoring Systems in E-Learning Environments: Design, Implementation and Evaluation , 2010 .

[18]  Merle Hearns,et al.  Facilitating Art Education: The UWA Arts Challenges , 2013, Int. J. Virtual Pers. Learn. Environ..

[19]  M. Swain,et al.  THEORETICAL BASES OF COMMUNICATIVE APPROACHES TO SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHING AND TESTING , 1980 .

[20]  C. Edwards,et al.  Teachers Exploring Tasks in English Language Teaching , 2005 .

[21]  Claudia Ross,et al.  Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide , 2006 .

[22]  Numa Markee,et al.  Managing Curricular Innovation , 1996 .

[23]  J. Holmes Second Language Needs Analysis: When small talk is a big deal: Sociolinguistic challenges in the workplace , 2005 .

[24]  James Dean Brown,et al.  The Elements of Language Curriculum: A Systematic Approach to Program Development , 1994 .

[25]  Marta González-Lloret,et al.  Designing Task-Based CALL To Promote Interaction: En busca de Esmeraldas , 2003 .

[26]  Rita de Cassia Veiga Marriott,et al.  Collaborative Learning and Concept Mapping for Language Teaching , 2012 .