Parameterization of the CO2 and H2O gas exchange of several temperate deciduous broad‐leaved trees at the leaf scale considering seasonal changes

A combined model to simulate CO2 and H2O gas exchange at the leaf scale was parameterized using data obtained from in situ leaf-scale observations of diurnal and seasonal changes in the CO2 and H2O gas exchange of four temperate deciduous broad-leaved trees using a porometric method. The model consists of a Ball et al. type stomatal conductance submodel [Ball, Woodrow & Berry, pp. 221–224 in Progress in Photosynthesis Research (ed. I. Biggins), Martinus-Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1987] and a Farquhar et al. type biochemical submodel of photosynthesis (Farquhar, von Caemmerer & Berry, Planta 149, 78–90, 1980). In these submodels, several parameters were optimized for each tree species as representative of the quantitative characteristics related to gas exchange. The results show that the seasonal physiological changes of Vcmax25 in the biochemical model of photosynthesis should be used to estimate the long-term CO2 gas exchange. For Rd25 in the biochemical model of photosynthesis and m in the Ball et al. type stomatal conductance model, the difference should be counted during the leaf expansion period.

[1]  E. Falge,et al.  A model of the gas exchange response of , 1996 .

[2]  John Tenhunen,et al.  A model separating leaf structural and physiological effects on carbon gain along light gradients for the shade‐tolerant species Acer saccharum , 1997 .

[3]  John R. Evans,et al.  Determination of the Average Partial Pressure of CO2 in Chloroplasts From Leaves of Several C3 Plants , 1991 .

[4]  D. Randall,et al.  A Revised Land Surface Parameterization (SiB2) for Atmospheric GCMS. Part I: Model Formulation , 1996 .

[5]  Dennis D. Baldocchi,et al.  Leaf age affects the seasonal pattern of photosynthetic capacity and net ecosystem exchange of carbon in a deciduous forest , 2001 .

[6]  Dennis D. Baldocchi,et al.  On using eco-physiological, micrometeorological and biogeochemical theory to evaluate carbon dioxide, water vapor and trace gas fluxes over vegetation: a perspective , 1998 .

[7]  R. Leuning.  A critical appraisal of a combined stomatal‐photosynthesis model for C3 plants , 1995 .

[8]  L. Flanagan,et al.  Measuring and modelling environmental influences on photosynthetic gas exchange in Sphagnum and Pleurozium , 1998 .

[9]  Ü. Niinemets,et al.  Shape of leaf photosynthetic electron transport versus temperature response curve is not constant along canopy light gradients in temperate deciduous trees , 1999 .

[10]  J. R. Evans.  The Dependence of Quantum Yield on Wavelength and Growth Irradiance , 1987 .

[11]  P. Jarman.  The Diffusion of Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapour through Stomata , 1974 .

[12]  J. Tenhunen,et al.  Factors influencing carbon fixation and water use by mediterranean sclerophyll shrubs during summer drought , 1990, Oecologia.

[13]  E. Boegh,et al.  Models of CO2 and water vapour fluxes from a sparse millet crop in the Sahel , 1999 .

[14]  Graham D. Farquhar,et al.  An Empirical Model of Stomatal Conductance , 1984 .

[15]  Ray Leuning,et al.  Modelling Stomatal Behaviour and and Photosynthesis of Eucalyptus grandis , 1990 .

[16]  R. LaMorte,et al.  Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on canopy transpiration in senescent spring wheat , 1999 .

[17]  T. Sharkey,et al.  Estimation of Mesophyll Conductance to CO(2) Flux by Three Different Methods. , 1992, Plant physiology.

[18]  D. Jordan,et al.  The CO2/O 2 specificity of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase : Dependence on ribulosebisphosphate concentration, pH and temperature. , 1984, Planta.

[19]  P. Sharpe,et al.  Reaction kinetics of poikilotherm development. , 1977, Journal of theoretical biology.

[20]  D. Pury,et al.  Simple scaling of photosynthesis from leaves to canopies without the errors of big‐leaf models , 1997 .

[21]  J. Tenhunen,et al.  Use of an analytical model to study limitations on net photosynthesis in Arbutus unedo under field conditions , 1986, Oecologia.

[22]  D. Whitehead,et al.  Photosynthetic characteristics in canopies of Quercus rubra, Quercus prinus and Acer rubrum differ in response to soil water availability , 2002, Oecologia.

[23]  G. Farquhar,et al.  Effect of temperature on the CO2/O2 specificity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and the rate of respiration in the light , 1985, Planta.

[24]  G. Collatz,et al.  Physiological and environmental regulation of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration: a model that includes a laminar boundary layer , 1991 .

[25]  John R. Evans,et al.  The kinetics of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in vivo inferred from measurements of photosynthesis in leaves of transgenic tobacco , 1994, Planta.

[26]  G. Farquhar,et al.  Some relationships between the biochemistry of photosynthesis and the gas exchange of leaves , 1981, Planta.

[27]  D. Jordan,et al.  The CO2/O2 specificity of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase , 1984, Planta.

[28]  J. Berry,et al.  A biochemical model of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species , 1980, Planta.

[29]  E. Schulze,et al.  Leaf nitrogen, photosynthesis, conductance and transpiration : scaling from leaves to canopies , 1995 .

[30]  Stan D. Wullschleger,et al.  Biochemical Limitations to Carbon Assimilation in C3 Plants—A Retrospective Analysis of the A/Ci Curves from 109 Species , 1993 .

[31]  Michael Bahn,et al.  Inter‐specific variation of the biochemical limitation to photosynthesis and related leaf traits of 30 species from mountain grassland ecosystems under different land use , 1999 .

[32]  D. Epron,et al.  Limitation of net CO2 assimilation rate by internal resistances to CO2 transfer in the leaves of two tree species (Fagus sylvatica L. and Castanea sativa Mill.) , 1995 .

[33]  John Tenhunen,et al.  Simulations of canopy net photosynthesis and transpiration in Quercus ilex L. under the influence of seasonal drought , 1996 .

[34]  Ichiro Terashima,et al.  A model of the acclimation of photosynthesis in the leaves of C3 plants to sun and shade with respect to nitrogen use , 1995 .

[35]  I. E. Woodrow,et al.  A Model Predicting Stomatal Conductance and its Contribution to the Control of Photosynthesis under Different Environmental Conditions , 1987 .

[36]  A. Held,et al.  Comparison of Methods to Estimate Dark Respiration in the Light in Leaves of Two Woody Species , 1994, Plant physiology.

[37]  I. Terashima,et al.  The influence of leaf thickness on the CO2 transfer conductance and leaf stable carbon isotope ratio for some evergreen tree species in Japanese warm‐temperate forests , 1999 .

[38]  X. Le Roux,et al.  Parameterization and testing of a biochemically based photosynthesis model for walnut (Juglans regia) trees and seedlings. , 1999, Tree physiology.

[39]  P. Reich,et al.  Leaf age and season influence the relationships between leaf nitrogen, leaf mass per area and photosynthesis in maple and oak trees , 1991 .

[40]  C. Field,et al.  Allocating leaf nitrogen for the maximization of carbon gain: Leaf age as a control on the allocation program , 1983, Oecologia.

[41]  X. Le Roux,et al.  Temperature response of leaf photosynthetic capacity in seedlings from seven temperate tree species. , 2001, Tree physiology.

[42]  K. Yoshikawa,et al.  Seasonal changes of leaf chlorophyll content in the crowns of several broad-leaved tree species. , 1994 .

[43]  Dennis D. Baldocchi,et al.  Scaling carbon dioxide and water vapour exchange from leaf to canopy in a deciduous forest. I. Leaf model parametrization , 1995 .

[44]  D. Whitehead,et al.  The response of photosynthetic model parameters to temperature and nitrogen concentration in Pinus radiata D. Don , 1997 .

[45]  J. Lloyd,et al.  Measuring and Modelling Whole-Tree Gas Exchange , 1995 .

[46]  J. R. Evans.  Photosynthetic Acclimation and Nitrogen Partitioning Within a Lucerne Canopy. I. Canopy Characteristics , 1993 .

[47]  G. Farquhar,et al.  Investigation of the CO(2) Dependence of Quantum Yield and Respiration in Eucalyptus pauciflora. , 1987, Plant physiology.

[48]  Suan Chin Wong,et al.  A simple calibrated model of Amazon rainforest productivity based on leaf biochemical properties , 1995 .

[49]  Dennis D. Baldocchi,et al.  Spatial and seasonal variability of photosynthetic parameters and their relationship to leaf nitrogen in a deciduous forest. , 2000, Tree physiology.

[50]  I. Terashima,et al.  Effects of leaf age on internal CO2 transfer conductance and photosynthesis in tree species having different types of shoot phenology , 2001 .

[51]  James F. Reynolds,et al.  Modelling photosynthesis of cotton grown in elevated CO2 , 1992 .

[52]  A. Held,et al.  Dark Leaf Respiration in Light and Darkness of an Evergreen and a Deciduous Plant Species , 1995, Plant physiology.

[53]  R. Leuning,et al.  Spatial distributions of foliar nitrogen and phosphorus in crowns of Eucalyptus grandis , 1991, Oecologia.