Acoustic-transfection for gene editing using high frequency ultrasound
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Controlling cell functions for drug development and therapeutic purposes has been an important method in clinic to treat critical diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Modulation of cancer cells and finding specific mutations in cancer are methods to investigate mechanism of outbreak of cancer. The advancement in molecular biology introduced tools to precisely edit genome of cells. Any molecules spanning from small molecules to extremely large proteins need to be delivered into target cells to express designated gene expression. High frequency ultrasound over 150 MHz can focus its acoustic energy within very confined area less than 10 μm. Here, we introduce a technique to deliver macromolecules into cells using high frequency ultrasound by disrupting cell lipid bilayer without contrast agent such as microbubble. The main contribution of this technique, acoustic-transfection, is that no microbubble is used for the intracellular delivery, which provides much simpler protocol, direct readout from input parameters (Figure 1A), and safe intracellular delivery.