Effect of PLL frequency synthesizer in FSK frequency-hopped communications

Synthesizer transient and spur effects in an frequency-shift-keying frequency-hopped system are investigated. Models for transient analysis are developed, and resulting degradations to performance are computed. Compensation methods, such as ping-ponging multiple synthesizers and gating symbol detectors, are considered. A spur analysis is presented, and the overall output effects on hopping spectrum and demodulation are shown. Methods to bound degradation in terms of number and strength of spur lines are presented. >