Osmoregulation, growth and moulting cycles of the giant freshwater prawn ( Macrobrachium rosenbergii ) at different salinities

The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is a species with a high commercial value in aquaculture. Two experiments were performed to determine the effects of salinities on the osmoregulation, growth and molting cycles of M. rosenbergii during growout. The first experiment was designed to determine whether these animals are capable of adapting to the changes in salinity seen in salinity intrusions in tropical deltas, with an incremental increase in salinity of 3‰ per day from 0‰ to 30‰ Haemolymph osmolality was rapidly regulated up to salinities of 15‰ , whereas animals conformed at higher salinities. The second experiment determined the growth, moulting cycle, osmolality, muscle water content and mortality during a 4-month experiment at 0‰, 15‰ or 25‰ salinity. The weight gains in 0‰ and 15‰ were not significantly different and were comparable to the growth rates achieved in production farms with body mass increases of 2.6 and 2.3-fold their initial body mass, respectively, after 4 months. The 25‰ group suffered from low growth, high mortality and a significantly lower moulting frequency. These data show that this species can be reared in brackish water up to 15‰, allowing for farming in the large areas impacted by salt water intrusions in tropical deltas.

[1]  E. Taylor,et al.  Effects of salinity on rates of protein synthesis and oxygen uptake in the post-larvae and juveniles of the tropical prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man). , 2009, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology.

[2]  N. Phuong,et al.  Current status of freshwater prawn culture in Vietnam and the development and transfer of seed production technology , 2006, Fisheries Science.

[3]  H. Onken,et al.  A structure-function analysis of ion transport in crustacean gills and excretory organs. , 2008, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology.

[4]  A. Bart,et al.  Salinity effects on reproduction of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) , 2008 .

[5]  J. Muir,et al.  Freshwater prawn farming in Bangladesh: history, present status and future prospects , 2008 .

[6]  M. L. Cuvin-Aralar,et al.  Culture of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879) in experimental cages in a freshwater eutrophic lake at different stocking densities , 2007 .

[7]  S. Dasgupta,et al.  The impact of sea level rise on developing countries: a comparative analysis , 2007 .

[8]  C. Zeng,et al.  The effects of salinity on the survival, growth and haemolymph osmolality of early juvenile blue swimmer crabs, Portunus pelagicus , 2006 .

[9]  Y. Yi,et al.  River pen culture of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) in southern Vietnam , 2005 .

[10]  J. Tidwell,et al.  Overview of recent research and development in temperate culture of the freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii De Man) in the South Central United States , 2005 .

[11]  M. New.  Freshwater prawn farming: global status, recent research and a glance at the future , 2005 .

[12]  G. Williams,et al.  The combined effects of temperature and salinity on growth and survival of juvenile mud crabs (Scylla serrata Forskål) , 2004 .

[13]  Jan Aure,et al.  Regulating the local environmental impact of intensive marine fish farming: III. A model for estimation of the holding capacity in the Modelling–Ongrowing fish farm–Monitoring system , 2004 .

[14]  R. Fotedar,et al.  Growth, survival, haemolymph osmolality and organosomatic indices of the western king prawn (Penaeus latisulcatus Kishinouye, 1896) reared at different salinities , 2004 .

[15]  Yuan Liu,et al.  Changes of protein-bound and free amino acids in the muscle of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nipponense in different salinities , 2004 .

[16]  L. B. Kirschner.  The mechanism of sodium chloride uptake in hyperregulating aquatic animals , 2004, Journal of Experimental Biology.

[17]  Chih-Hsin Cheng,et al.  Osmolality and ion balance in giant river prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii subjected to changes in salinity: role of sex , 2003 .

[18]  B. Kurup,et al.  Management strategies associating batch-graded and size-graded postlarvae can reduce heterogeneous individual growth in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) , 2002 .

[19]  M. New.  Farming freshwater prawns: a manual for the culture of the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). , 2002 .

[20]  G. Boeuf,et al.  How should salinity influence fish growth? , 2001, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP.

[21]  Chih-Hsin Cheng,et al.  Hemolymph oxyhemocyanin, protein, osmolality and electrolyte levels of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in relation to size and molt stage , 2001 .

[22]  D. Lemos,et al.  Growth, oxygen consumption, ammonia-N excretion, biochemical composition and energy content of Farfantepenaeus paulensis Pérez-Farfante (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeidae) early postlarvae in different salinities. , 2001, Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology.

[23]  M. Wilder,et al.  Changes in free amino acids in the hemolymph of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii exposed to varying salinities: relationship to osmoregulatory ability. , 2001, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology.

[24]  G. Gaxiola,et al.  The effect of dissolved oxygen and salinity on oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and osmotic pressure of Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus) juveniles , 1999 .

[25]  T. Hatta,et al.  Changes in osmotic and ionic concentrations in the hemolymph of Macrobrachium rosenbergii exposed to varying salinities and correlation to ionic and crystalline composition of the cuticle , 1998 .

[26]  W. Stickle,et al.  A comparative study of two sympatric species within the genus Callinectes: osmoregulation, long-term acclimation to salinity and the effects of salinity on growth and moulting , 1997 .

[27]  Jiann-Chu Chen,et al.  Osmotic and Ionic Concentrations of Scylla serrata (Forskål) Subjected to Different Salinity Levels , 1997 .

[28]  S. Funge‐Smith,et al.  Osmotic and ionic regulation in the giant Malaysian fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man), with special reference to strontium and bromine , 1995 .

[29]  Jiann-Chu Chen,et al.  Survival, haemolymph osmolality and tissue water of Penaeus chinensis juveniles acclimated to different salinity and temperature levels , 1995 .

[30]  A. Péqueux,et al.  OSMOTIC REGULATION IN CRUSTACEANS , 1995 .

[31]  Jiann-Chu Chen,et al.  Osmolality and chloride concentration in the hemolymph of subadult Penaeus chinensis subjected to different salinity levels , 1994 .

[32]  A. Kuris,et al.  Growth, Size Rank, and Maturation of the Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii: Analysis of Marked Prawns in an Experimental Population. , 1991, The Biological bulletin.

[33]  R. Ferraris,et al.  Osmotic and chloride regulation in the hemolymph of the tiger prawn Penaeus monodon during molting in various salinities , 1987 .

[34]  A. Borut,et al.  Osmotic and ionic regulation of the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) adapted to varying salinities and ion concentrations , 1987 .

[35]  G. D. Via.  Salinity responses of the juvenile penaeid shrimp Penaeus japonicus: II. Free amino acids , 1986 .

[36]  D. Cohen,et al.  Production of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in monosex populations: Yield characteristics under intensive monoculture conditions in cages , 1986 .

[37]  A. Borut,et al.  The effect of salinity and ion composition on oxygen consumption and nitrogen excretion of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) , 1984 .

[38]  S. Shumway,et al.  Osmoregulation and respiratory metabolism in brazilian Macrobrachium (Decapoda, palaemonidae) , 1983 .

[39]  A. Lawrence,et al.  The effect of salinity on the osmotic, sodium, and chloride concentrations in the hemolymph of the freshwater shrimps, Macrobrachium ohione smith and Macrobrachium rosenbergii de man , 1981 .

[40]  Tarlochan Singh.  The isosmotic concept in relation to the aquaculture of the giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. , 1980 .

[41]  M. Stephenson,et al.  The effect of temperature and salinity on oxygen consumption of post-larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) (crustacea: palaemonidae) , 1980 .

[42]  D. Smith,et al.  Water uptake at ecdysis in the western rock lobster , 1978 .

[43]  S. Silverthorn,et al.  Cold tolerance at three salinities in post-larval prawns, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) , 1978 .

[44]  D. Smith,et al.  Changes in apparent water permeability during the moulting cycle in the western rock lobster , 1978 .

[45]  John B. Peebles.  A rapid technique for molt staging in live Macrobrachium rosenbergii , 1977 .

[46]  S. G. Nelson,et al.  The effects of temperature and salinity on the metabolic rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) , 1977 .

[47]  D. Sutcliffe,et al.  Respiration in relation to ion uptake in the crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet). , 1975, The Journal of experimental biology.

[48]  P. Sandifer,et al.  Observations on salinity tolerance and osmoregulation in laboratory-reared Macrobrachium rosenbergii post-larvae (Crustacea: Caridea) , 1975 .

[49]  D. H. Spaargaren.  Energy relations in the ion regulation in three crustacean species , 1975 .

[50]  J. Robertson.  Ionic regulation in the crab Carcinus maenas (L.) in relation to the moulting cycle , 1960 .

[51]  L. Passano.  CHAPTER 15 – MOLTING AND ITS CONTROL , 1960 .