Conditions for minimal intelligence across eukaryota: a cognitive science perspective

What is minimal intelligence? Generally speaking, our understanding of intelligence has to do with sets of biological functions of organisms that exhibit a degree of flexibility against contingencies in their environment-induced behavioral repertoire. In principle, sensory perception, sensory-motor coordination, basic forms of learning and memory, decision-making and problem solving, are all marks of minimal intelligence subject to scrutiny with the toolkit of the cognitive sciences. The bottom line is that an appraisal of the behavioral repertoire of eukaryotes, and of the organizational features that sustain it, resists an interpretation in reactive, non-cognitive, terms.

[1]  František Baluška,et al.  Photophobic behavior of maize roots , 2012, Plant signaling & behavior.

[2]  L. Moroz On the Independent Origins of Complex Brains and Neurons , 2009, Brain, Behavior and Evolution.

[3]  S. Gilroy Plant tropisms , 2008, Current Biology.

[4]  Andrew Adamatzky,et al.  On exploration of geometrically constrained space by medicinal leeches Hirudo verbana , 2015, Biosyst..

[5]  K. Richardson Heritability lost; intelligence found , 2012, EMBO reports.

[6]  Anthony Trewavas,et al.  Plant Behaviour and Intelligence , 2014 .

[7]  A. Trewavas Profile of Anthony Trewavas. , 2015, Molecular plant.

[8]  F. Baluška,et al.  Light as stress factor to plant roots – case of root halotropism , 2014, Front. Plant Sci..

[9]  Nikhil Bhatla,et al.  Light and Hydrogen Peroxide Inhibit C. elegans Feeding through Gustatory Receptor Orthologs and Pharyngeal Neurons , 2015, Neuron.

[10]  L. Looger,et al.  Light-avoidance-mediating photoreceptors tile the Drosophila larval body wall , 2010, Nature.

[11]  L. Moroz Convergent evolution of neural systems in ctenophores , 2015, Journal of Experimental Biology.

[12]  O. Pagán The First Brain: The Neuroscience of Planarians , 2014 .

[13]  B. Crespi The evolution of social behavior in microorganisms. , 2001, Trends in ecology & evolution.

[14]  A. Dussutour,et al.  Slime mold uses an externalized spatial “memory” to navigate in complex environments , 2012, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[15]  Andrew Adamatzky,et al.  Slime Mold Solves Maze in One Pass, Assisted by Gradient of Chemo-Attractants , 2011, IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience.

[16]  T. Nakagaki,et al.  Attempts to retreat from a dead-ended long capillary by backward swimming in Paramecium , 2014, Front. Microbiol..

[17]  R. Karban,et al.  Identity recognition and plant behavior , 2010, Plant signaling & behavior.

[18]  E. Ben-Jacob My encounters with bacteria—learning about communication, cooperation and choice , 2014, Physical biology.

[19]  H. Levine,et al.  Bacterial linguistic communication and social intelligence. , 2004, Trends in microbiology.

[20]  Karl J. Friston,et al.  Prediction, perception and agency , 2012, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[21]  Angela Hodge,et al.  Root decisions. , 2009, Plant, cell & environment.

[22]  K. Stanovich,et al.  Heuristics and Biases: Individual Differences in Reasoning: Implications for the Rationality Debate? , 2002 .

[23]  S. Brandt,et al.  A history of stress alters drought calcium signalling pathways in Arabidopsis. , 1998, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[24]  F. D. de Lange,et al.  Prior Expectations Bias Sensory Representations in Visual Cortex , 2013, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[25]  Joseph E LeDoux Rethinking the Emotional Brain , 2012, Neuron.

[26]  Jonathan Evans,et al.  In two minds: Dual processes and beyond. , 2009 .

[27]  A. Trewavas What is plant behaviour? , 2009, Plant, cell & environment.

[28]  P. Calvo,et al.  Handbook of cognitive science : an embodied approach , 2008 .

[29]  R. Karban Plant Sensing and Communication , 2015 .

[30]  Simon G. Sprecher,et al.  Seeing the light: photobehavior in fruit fly larvae , 2012, Trends in Neurosciences.

[31]  Stefano Mancuso,et al.  The ‘root-brain’ hypothesis of Charles and Francis Darwin , 2009, Plant signaling & behavior.

[32]  František Baluška,et al.  Root Apex Transition Zone As Oscillatory Zone , 2013, Front. Plant Sci..

[33]  K. Richardson The evolution of intelligent developmental systems. , 2013, Advances in child development and behavior.

[34]  Michael T. Turvey,et al.  Philosophy for the Rest of Cognitive Science , 2011, Top. Cogn. Sci..

[35]  L. Chittka,et al.  An Exploration of the Social Brain Hypothesis in Insects , 2012, Front. Physio..

[36]  Zhaoyang Feng,et al.  Light-sensitive neurons and channels mediate phototaxis in C. elegans , 2008, Nature Neuroscience.

[37]  F. Baluška,et al.  Illumination of Arabidopsis roots induces immediate burst of ROS production , 2011, Plant signaling & behavior.

[38]  Aravinthan D. T. Samuel,et al.  Sensorimotor structure of Drosophila larva phototaxis , 2013, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[39]  Ariel Novoplansky,et al.  Picking battles wisely: plant behaviour under competition. , 2009, Plant, cell & environment.

[40]  F. Baluška,et al.  Root photomorphogenesis in laboratory-maintained Arabidopsis seedlings. , 2013, Trends in plant science.

[41]  Klaas J Hellingwerf,et al.  Bacterial observations: a rudimentary form of intelligence? , 2005, Trends in microbiology.

[42]  F. Baluška,et al.  Deep evolutionary origins of neurobiology: Turning the essence of 'neural' upside-down , 2009, Communicative & integrative biology.

[43]  R. Karban,et al.  Deciphering the language of plant communication: volatile chemotypes of sagebrush. , 2014, The New phytologist.

[44]  A. Novoplansky,et al.  Anticipating future conditions via trajectory sensitivity , 2010 .

[45]  Pamela Lyon,et al.  From quorum to cooperation: lessons from bacterial sociality for evolutionary theory. , 2007, Studies in history and philosophy of biological and biomedical sciences.

[46]  R. Rosenfeld Nature , 2009, Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

[47]  L. Moroz The genealogy of genealogy of neurons , 2014, Communicative & integrative biology.

[48]  A. Trewavas Plant intelligence , 2005, Naturwissenschaften.

[49]  G. Mackie Neuroid Conduction and the Evolution of Conducting Tissues , 1970, The Quarterly Review of Biology.

[50]  Michael T. Turvey,et al.  On strong anticipation , 2010, Cognitive Systems Research.

[51]  J. Shapiro Bacteria are small but not stupid: cognition, natural genetic engineering and socio-bacteriology. , 2007, Studies in history and philosophy of biological and biomedical sciences.