Regulation of MAC-1 (CD11b/CD18) expression on circulating granulocytes in endurance runners.

PURPOSE We tested the hypothesis that degranulation of granulocytes and upregulation of the granulocyte integrin MA-1 (CD11b/CD18) are related to exercise duration and/or intensity. We also investigated whether or not the expression of MAC-1 would be influenced by body temperature or dehydration. Moreover, we tested the hypothesis that changes in leukocyte counts and changes in MAC1 expression with endurance exercise are independently regulated. METHODS In eight amateur runners, MAC-1 (CD11b/CD18) surface expression on granulocytes was determined by fluorescent antibody cell sorting, before and after an incremental maximal treadmill test, a moderate 3-h run, and a competitive marathon race. RESULTS Expression CD11b on granulocytes was increased by 10+/-9.6% (P < 0.05) after the maximal treadmill test and by 84+/-76% (P < 0.01) after the marathon run. There was no change in CD11b expression after the moderate 3-h run. CD18 expression was not significantly changed after any of the exercise protocols. CONCLUSION Expression of CD11b on granulocytes is increased with intense endurance exercise, either incremental maximal treadmill testing or competitive marathon running, but not in moderate endurance training. Thus, exhaustive exercise may be one mechanism for the upregulation of integrin adhesive receptors on granulocytes. This phenomenon could be in part responsible for increased adhesion of granulocytes to endothelial cells and could facilitate tissue infiltration after endurance exercise.

[1]  C. Sen,et al.  Antioxidant and redox regulation of gene transcription , 1996, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[2]  H. Ochs,et al.  Neutrophil adhesion in leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome type 2. , 1995, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[3]  M. Ahern,et al.  Effects of ex vivo manipulation on the expression of cell adhesion molecules on neutrophils. , 1995, Journal of immunological methods.

[4]  W. Reid,et al.  Delayed Muscle Soreness , 1995, Sports medicine.

[5]  D. Pyne,et al.  Effects of an intensive 12-wk training program by elite swimmers on neutrophil oxidative activity. , 1995, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[6]  M. Diamond,et al.  Changes in subcellular localization and surface expression of L‐selectin, alkaline phosphatase, and Mac‐1 in human neutrophils during stimulation with inflammatory mediators , 1994, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[7]  R. Fielding,et al.  Aging and stress-induced changes in complement activation and neutrophil mobilization. , 1994, Journal of applied physiology.

[8]  Hazeki Kaoru,et al.  Involvement of the pertussis toxin-sensitive GTP-binding protein in regulation of expression and function of granulocyte complement receptor type 1 and type 3 , 1994 .

[9]  J. Bousquet,et al.  Release of cytokines by blood monocytes during strenuous exercise. , 1994, International journal of sports medicine.

[10]  D. Adams,et al.  Leucocyte-endothelial interactions and regulation of leucocyte migration , 1994, The Lancet.

[11]  J. Gerritsen,et al.  Induction of low density and up-regulation of CD11b expression of neutrophils and eosinophils by dextran sedimentation and centrifugation. , 1994, Journal of immunological methods.

[12]  C. Smith,et al.  Complement and tumor necrosis factor‐α contribute to Mac‐1 (CD11b/CD18) up‐regulation and systemic neutrophil activation during endotoxemia in vivo , 1994, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[13]  L. Parise,et al.  Regulation of vascular integrins. , 1993, Blood.

[14]  M. Baker,et al.  Granulocyte activation induced by intense interval running , 1993, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[15]  V. Vetvicka,et al.  Effect of ambient temperature on phenotype and functions of professional phagocytes of athymic nude mice , 1993, APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica.

[16]  M. Baker,et al.  Cytokine immunoreactivity in plasma does not change after moderate endurance exercise. , 1992, Journal of applied physiology.

[17]  L. M. Weight,et al.  Strenuous exercise: analogous to the acute-phase response? , 1991, Clinical science.

[18]  A. Mader.  Evaluation of the endurance performance of marathon runners and theoretical analysis of test results. , 1991, The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness.

[19]  Timothy A. Springer,et al.  Adhesion receptors of the immune system , 1990, Nature.

[20]  S. Weiss.  Tissue destruction by neutrophils. , 1989, The New England journal of medicine.

[21]  M. Dale,et al.  The Leucocytosis of Exercise , 1988 .

[22]  R. R. Jenkins.  Free Radical Chemistry , 1988, Sports medicine.

[23]  A. Heidland,et al.  Inadvertent chlorpropamide hypoglycemia--no longer once in a blue moon? , 1987 .

[24]  R. Davidson.  Exertional haemoglobinuria: a report on three cases with studies on the haemolytic mechanism , 1964, Journal of clinical pathology.

[25]  J. Jordan,et al.  Moderate exercise leads to decreased expression of β1 and β2 integrins on leucocytes , 1997, European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology.

[26]  F. Luft,et al.  Circulating leukocyte integrin expression in Wegener's granulomatosis. , 1996, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN.

[27]  B. Miller.  Haematological Effects of Running , 1990 .