Practical recommendations of the EAU‐ESPU guidelines committee for monosymptomatic enuresis—Bedwetting

The objective of this update of the EAU‐ESPU guidelines recommendations for nocturnal enuresis was to review the recent published literature of studies, reviews, guidelines regarding the etiology, diagnosis and treatment options of nocturnal enuresis and transform the information into a practical recommendation strategy for the general practitioner, pediatrician, pediatric urologist and urologist.

[1]  S. Kavouras,et al.  Water intake and hydration state in children , 2018, European Journal of Nutrition.

[2]  L. Stothers,et al.  A comprehensive review of adult enuresis. , 2018, Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada.

[3]  M. Tkaczyk,et al.  Evaluation of the effect of 3-month bladder basic advice in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. , 2017, Journal of pediatric urology.

[4]  M. Yasui,et al.  Evaluation of Urinary Aquaporin 2 and Plasma Copeptin as Biomarkers of Effectiveness of Desmopressin Acetate for the Treatment of Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis , 2017, The Journal of urology.

[5]  S. Rittig,et al.  Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Children with Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo Controlled Study , 2017, The Journal of urology.

[6]  A. Markström,et al.  Sleep disordered breathing in enuretic children and controls. , 2017, Journal of pediatric urology.

[7]  G. Bogaert,et al.  Lower Urinary Tract Terminology in Daytime Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Children: A View of the Pediatric Urologist. , 2017, European urology focus.

[8]  C. Domini,et al.  Importance of neuropsychiatric evaluation in children with primary monosymptomatic enuresis. , 2017, Journal of pediatric urology.

[9]  R. Sinha,et al.  Management of nocturnal enuresis - myths and facts. , 2016, World journal of nephrology.

[10]  F. Sharifiaghdas,et al.  Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis: Monotherapy vs Combination Therapy. , 2016, Urology.

[11]  R. Lopes,et al.  Desmopressin Withdrawal Strategy for Pediatric Enuresis: A Meta-analysis , 2016, Pediatrics.

[12]  S. Bauer,et al.  The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: Update report from the standardization committee of the International Children's Continence Society , 2016, Neurourology and urodynamics.

[13]  P. Caldwell,et al.  Tricyclic and related drugs for nocturnal enuresis in children. , 2016, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[14]  U. Barroso,et al.  A two-day bladder diary for children: Is it enough? , 2015, Journal of pediatric urology.

[15]  J. Walle,et al.  Challenging factors for enuresis treatment: Psychological problems and non-adherence. , 2015, Journal of pediatric urology.

[16]  C. Wolfe‐Christensen,et al.  Adenotonsillectomy improves quality of life in children with sleep-disordered breathing regardless of nocturnal enuresis outcome. , 2015, Journal of pediatric urology.

[17]  P. Eggert,et al.  Predictive parameters of response to desmopressin in primary nocturnal enuresis. , 2015, Journal of pediatric urology.

[18]  Ji-Hong Liu,et al.  Efficacy of Acupuncture in Children with Nocturnal Enuresis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials , 2015, Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM.

[19]  A. Sarkadi,et al.  No effect of basic bladder advice in enuresis: A randomized controlled trial. , 2015, Journal of pediatric urology.

[20]  U. Boylu,et al.  Comparison of long-term efficacy of desmopressin lyophilisate and enuretic alarm for monosymptomatic enuresis and assessment of predictive factors for success: a randomized prospective trial. , 2015, The Journal of urology.

[21]  Shang-Jen Chang,et al.  Obese children at higher risk for having overactive bladder symptoms: A community‐based study , 2015, Neurourology and urodynamics.

[22]  O. Uneri,et al.  Impact of enuresis nocturna on health-related quality of life in children and their mothers. , 2014, Journal of pediatric urology.

[23]  Hiroko Suzuki,et al.  Winter is associated with failure in the alarm treatment of nocturnal enuresis. , 2014, Journal of pediatric urology.

[24]  A. Sarkadi,et al.  "Nobody asked us if we needed help": Swedish parents experiences of enuresis. , 2014, Journal of pediatric urology.

[25]  C. Wolfe‐Christensen,et al.  Why does adenotonsillectomy not correct enuresis in all children with sleep disordered breathing? , 2013, The Journal of urology.

[26]  S. Bauer,et al.  The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: update report from the Standardization Committee of the International Children's Continence Society. , 2006, The Journal of urology.

[27]  Hillary Copp,et al.  Parental beliefs about nocturnal enuresis causes, treatments, and the need to seek professional medical care. , 2013, Journal of pediatric urology.

[28]  Jonathan Kushnir,et al.  Night diapers use and sleep in children with enuresis. , 2013, Sleep medicine.

[29]  O. Ogawa,et al.  Chronobiology of micturition: putative role of the circadian clock. , 2013, The Journal of urology.

[30]  M. Carotenuto,et al.  Primary nocturnal enuresis as a risk factor for sleep disorders: an observational questionnaire-based multicenter study , 2013, Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment.

[31]  S. Hajebrahimi,et al.  Does Combination Therapy with Desmopressin and Tolterodine Improve the Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis? A Randomized Clinical Controlled Trial , 2013, ISRN urology.

[32]  T. Miki,et al.  Health related quality of life for monosymptomatic enuretic children and their mothers. , 2012, The Journal of urology.

[33]  L. Tafuro,et al.  Desmopressin and oxybutynin in monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial and an assessment of predictive factors , 2012, BJU international.

[34]  J. Heron,et al.  Family history of nocturnal enuresis and urinary incontinence: results from a large epidemiological study. , 2011, The Journal of urology.

[35]  T. Nevéus.  Nocturnal enuresis—theoretic background and practical guidelines , 2011, Pediatric Nephrology.

[36]  Jon Heron,et al.  The prevalence of infrequent bedwetting and nocturnal enuresis in childhood , 2008, Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology.

[37]  C. Freitag,et al.  Behavioral comorbidity differs in subtypes of enuresis and urinary incontinence. , 2008, The Journal of urology.

[38]  J. Dehoorne,et al.  Desmopressin toxicity due to prolonged half-life in 18 patients with nocturnal enuresis. , 2006, The Journal of urology.

[39]  C. Yeung,et al.  Differences in characteristics of nocturnal enuresis between children and adolescents: a critical appraisal from a large epidemiological study , 2006, BJU international.

[40]  K. Northstone,et al.  Nocturnal enuresis at 7.5 years old: prevalence and analysis of clinical signs , 2005, BJU international.

[41]  C. Glazener,et al.  Complementary and miscellaneous interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children. , 2005, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[42]  N. Blum.  Nocturnal enuresis: behavioral treatments. , 2004, The Urologic clinics of North America.

[43]  P. D'Athis,et al.  Accuracy of urine output measurement with regular disposable nappies , 1994, Pediatric Nephrology.

[44]  Friedrich Manz,et al.  The most essential nutrient: defining the adequate intake of water. , 2002, The Journal of pediatrics.

[45]  C. Glazener,et al.  Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children. , 2006, Nursing times.

[46]  C. Glazener,et al.  Desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis in children. , 2002, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[47]  A. Gontard,et al.  COMMITTEE REPORT , 1999 .

[48]  R. Pivik,et al.  Elevated sleep arousal thresholds in enuretic boys: clinical implications , 1997, Acta paediatrica.

[49]  B. Bengtsson.  [Early help for children with enuresis. Advise from adults who suffered from severe enuresis during their childhood]. , 1997, Lakartidningen.

[50]  S. L. Nielsen,et al.  Nocturnal Task Responsiveness of Primary Nocturnal Enuretic boys: A Behavioral Approach to Enuresis , 1996 .

[51]  A. Graziottin,et al.  Nocturnal enuresis: social aspects and treatment perspectives in Italy--a preliminary report. , 1994, Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. Supplementum.

[52]  W. Forsythe,et al.  The body‐worn alarm in the treatment of childhood enuresis , 1990, The British journal of clinical practice.

[53]  S. Tallett,et al.  Oxybutynin efficacy in the treatment of primary enuresis. , 1988, Pediatrics.

[54]  K. Hjälmås.  Urodynamics in normal infants and children. , 1988, Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. Supplementum.