Dissolved oxygen concentration regulation using auto-tuning proportional-integral-derivative controller in fermentation process

A novel control method involving an automatic tuning of digital proportional-integral-derivative controller parameters has been developed for better regulation of dissolved oxygen concentration by manipulating agitation speed in batch fermentation processes. Heuristic reasoning allows the proportional-integral-derivative controller to reach improved tuning decisions based upon the supervision of certain control performance indices in the same cognitive manner as in expert control.