Effect of transmembrane pressure on rejection of viruses by ultrafiltration membranes

Although partial penetration of ultrafiltration membranes by viruses and bacteria is well documented, there is no satisfactory explanation for the phenomenon. The current study seeks a possible explanation by studying the retention of viruses at different transmembrane pressures (TMPs). In contrast to previous predictions, higher TMPs lead to reduced virus retention levels. Based on indirect evidences it is proposed that the penetration occurs because of the formation during operation, rather than the initial presence, of abnormally large pores. It is therefore suggested that since pore enlargement is induced by high TMPs, high virus retention levels can be obtained only at low TMP values.

[1]  M. Otaki,et al.  Virus removal in a membrane separation process , 1998 .

[2]  Non-linear flow through compressible membranes and its relation to osmotic pressure , 1992 .

[3]  A. Ikai,et al.  Atomic force microscope of bacteriophage T4 and its tube‐baseplate complex , 1993, FEBS letters.

[4]  Robert M. Clark,et al.  Nanoscale probes for the evaluation of the integrity of ultrafiltration membranes , 2006 .

[5]  G. Trägårdh,et al.  Fundamental principles of ultrafiltration , 1990 .

[6]  Y. Kurokawa,et al.  A viscoelastic model for initial flux decline through reverse osmosis membrane , 1984 .

[7]  C. Geankoplis,et al.  Transport processes and separation process principles : (includes unit operations) , 2003 .

[8]  M. Mänttäri,et al.  Comparison of the performance of two different regenerated cellulose ultrafiltration membranes at high filtration pressure , 2007 .

[9]  A. R. Cooper,et al.  Characterization of Ultrafiltration Membranes by Polymer Transport Measurements , 1979 .

[10]  S. Ohgaki,et al.  Effect of pore size distribution of ultrafiltration membranes on virus rejection in crossflow conditions , 1994 .

[11]  Marcel Mulder,et al.  Basic Principles of Membrane Technology , 1991 .

[12]  Sayed Siavash Madaeni,et al.  Mechanism of virus removal using membranes , 1997 .

[13]  J. Laîné,et al.  Control fouling and cleaning procedures of UF membranes by a streaming potential method , 1998 .

[14]  Keith E. Carns,et al.  Low‐Pressure Membrane Filtration for Removing Giardia and Microbial Indicators , 1991 .

[15]  M. Doudoroff,et al.  The Microbial World , 1977 .

[16]  F. Wong,et al.  A new method for the prediction of pore size distribution and MWCO of ultrafiltration membranes , 2006 .

[17]  James S. Taylor,et al.  Micro-Organism Rejection by Membrane Systems , 2002 .

[18]  Elizabeth Arkhangelsky,et al.  Retention of organic matter by cellulose acetate membranes cleaned with hypochlorite , 2008 .

[19]  P. Jelen,et al.  Estimation of compaction and fouling effects during membrane processing of cottage cheese whey , 1986 .

[20]  C. Geankoplis,et al.  Transport Processes and Separation Process Principles , 2003 .

[21]  Kenneth M Persson,et al.  Study of membrane compaction and its influence on ultrafiltration water permeability , 1995 .

[22]  Robert M. Clark,et al.  Application of nanoscale probes for the evaluation of the integrity of ultrafiltration membranes , 2006 .

[23]  Elizabeth Arkhangelsky,et al.  Impact of chemical cleaning on properties and functioning of polyethersulfone membranes , 2007 .

[24]  Thomas D. Brock,et al.  Biology of microorganisms , 1970 .

[25]  S. Provencher.  A constrained regularization method for inverting data represented by linear algebraic or integral equations , 1982 .

[26]  J. Laîné,et al.  Mechanism of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and MS2 virus removal by MF and UF , 1995 .

[27]  Changsheng Zhao,et al.  Determination of pore size and pore size distribution on the surface of hollow-fiber filtration membranes : a review of methods , 2000 .

[28]  A. Fane,et al.  A comparative study of techniques used for porous membrane characterization: pore characterization , 1994 .

[29]  J. Miao,et al.  Imaging whole Escherichia coli bacteria by using single-particle x-ray diffraction , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[30]  M. Kitis,et al.  Evaluation of biologic and non-biologic methods for assessing virus removal by and integrity of high pressure membrane systems , 2003 .

[31]  Kazuo Yamamoto,et al.  Effect of pore structure of membranes and module configuration on virus retention , 1996 .

[32]  A. M. Dave,et al.  Comparative evaluation of industrial membranes: Correlation between transport and operational parameters , 1993 .

[33]  Murphy,et al.  Static and dynamic light scattering of biological macromolecules: what can we learn? , 1997, Current opinion in biotechnology.

[34]  Viatcheslav Freger,et al.  Chemical cleaning of UF membranes fouled by BSA , 2005 .

[35]  Anthony G. Fane,et al.  Virus removal from water and wastewater using membranes , 1995 .