Immunophenotypic and genetic characterization of a CD8 positive Mantle Cell Lymphoma in a patient with concomitant Mycosis Fungoides

Abstract:  Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is immunophenotypically characterized by cell surface co‐expression of CD19, CD20, CD5, IgM and FMC7. However, the concomitant presence of other antigens distinctive of a particular leukocyte subset, e.g. T‐lymphocytes, is an exceptional finding in MCL. Here, the first case of a blastic MCL in leukaemic phase with aberrant expression of the T‐cell associated antigen CD8 occurring in a patient with concomitant Mycosis fungoides is described. Comprehensive immunophenotypic analysis showed that the MCL cells expressed the typical B‐lymphocytic markers, were CD5 and CD8 positive, but did not express other T‐cell proteins, such as CD2, CD3, CD4, CD7, TCRαβ and TCRγδ. The MCL cells expressed both CD8α and CD8β chains indicating cell surface presence of CD8αβ heterodimers. Intriguingly, expression of the cytotoxic enzymes perforin and granzyme A was detected by RT‐PCR. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis of the lymphoma cells confirmed cyclin D1 overexpression secondary to the t(11;14)(q13;32) chromosomal translocation. Furthermore, trisomy 11, trisomy 14 and extra copies of t(11;14) translocated chromosomes were detected in sub clones of the analyzed MCL cells. Clinically, an aggressive course of disease including cerebral lymphoma involvement was noted in the reported patient. Hence, systematic studies addressing the incidence, biology and clinical behavior of this form of MCL seem to be justified in future.