Spatial Orientation and Wayfinding in Large-Scale Virtual Spaces: An Introduction

‘‘I have coasted this lake, in search of skins, afore the war, and have been here already; not at this very spot, for we landed yonder, where you may see the oak that stands above the cluster of hemlocks.’’ ‘‘How, Pathfinder, can you remember all these trifles so accurately?’’ ‘‘These are our streets and houses—our churches and palaces. Remember them, indeed! . . .’’ The Pathfinder, James Fenimore Cooper (1840)

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