Initial Assessment and Early Resuscitation

[1]  Mitchell M. Levy,et al.  Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock , 2004, Critical care medicine.

[2]  T. Chang,et al.  A new red blood cell substitute. , 2004, Critical care medicine.

[3]  C. Ince,et al.  Hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier provides heterogeneous microvascular oxygenation in heart and gut after hemorrhage in pigs. , 2003, The Journal of trauma.

[4]  G. Rozycki,et al.  Changing patterns in the management of penetrating abdominal trauma: the more things change, the more they stay the same. , 2003, The Journal of trauma.

[5]  D. Jenkins,et al.  A comparison of the hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier HBOC-201 to other low-volume resuscitation fluids in a model of controlled hemorrhagic shock. , 2003, The Journal of trauma.

[6]  R. Blumenthal,et al.  Treatment of obstetric hemorrhage with recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) , 2003, Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

[7]  M. Fink,et al.  Dose-dependent effects of ethyl pyruvate in mice subjected to mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion , 2003, Intensive Care Medicine.

[8]  S. L. Barcelona,et al.  A Comparison of Flow Rates and Warming Capabilities of the Level 1 and Rapid Infusion System with Various-Size Intravenous Catheters , 2003, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[9]  M. Krausz,et al.  Bolus versus continuous fluid resuscitation and splenectomy for treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock after massive splenic injury. , 2003, The Journal of trauma.

[10]  C. Cocanour,et al.  Supranormal trauma resuscitation causes more cases of abdominal compartment syndrome. , 2003, Archives of surgery.

[11]  D. Annane,et al.  Circulating vasopressin levels in septic shock. , 2003, Critical care medicine.

[12]  J. Vincent,et al.  Effects of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine on the splanchnic circulation in septic shock: which is best? , 2003, Critical care medicine.

[13]  M. Fink.  Ringer's ethyl pyruvate solution: a novel resuscitation fluid for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock and sepsis. , 2003, The Journal of trauma.

[14]  Thomas M Scalea,et al.  Blood transfusion, independent of shock severity, is associated with worse outcome in trauma. , 2003, The Journal of trauma.

[15]  S. Rizoli.  Crystalloids and colloids in trauma resuscitation: a brief overview of the current debate. , 2003, The Journal of trauma.

[16]  M. Levy,et al.  2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference , 2003, Intensive care medicine.

[17]  B. Siewert,et al.  Value of abdominal CT in the emergency department for patients with abdominal pain , 2003, European Radiology.

[18]  D. Torbati,et al.  Esophageal capnometry during hemorrhagic shock and after resuscitation in rats , 2002, Critical care.

[19]  J. Kellum,et al.  Resuscitation with Ringer's Ethyl Pyruvate Solution Prolongs Survival and Modulates Plasma Cytokine and Nitrite/Nitrate Concentrations in a Rat Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Shock , 2002, Shock.

[20]  E. Segal,et al.  Possible role of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in the control of hemorrhage associated with massive trauma. , 2002, Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie.

[21]  C. Cocanour,et al.  Normal versus supranormal oxygen delivery goals in shock resuscitation: the response is the same. , 2002, The Journal of trauma.

[22]  Robert W. Taylor,et al.  Impact of allogenic packed red blood cell transfusion on nosocomial infection rates in the critically ill patient* , 2002, Critical care medicine.

[23]  E. Moore,et al.  The life-sustaining capacity of human polymerized hemoglobin when red cells might be unavailable. , 2002, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[24]  K. Tracey,et al.  Ethyl pyruvate prevents lethality in mice with established lethal sepsis and systemic inflammation , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[25]  J. Minei,et al.  Allogeneic blood transfusion increases the risk of postoperative bacterial infection: a meta-analysis. , 2002, The Journal of trauma.

[26]  D. Annane,et al.  Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock. , 2002, JAMA.

[27]  J. Holcomb,et al.  The effect of recombinant factor VIIa on coagulopathic pigs with grade V liver injuries. , 2002, The Journal of trauma.

[28]  Jeffrey S. Young,et al.  Blood Transfusions Correlate with Infections in Trauma Patients in a Dose-Dependent Manner , 2002, The American surgeon.

[29]  L. Pearce,et al.  HBOC-201 improves survival in a swine model of hemorrhagic shock and liver injury. , 2002, Resuscitation.

[30]  E. Moore,et al.  Increased rate of infection associated with transfusion of old blood after severe injury. , 2002, Archives of surgery.

[31]  M. Fink,et al.  Resuscitation from Hemorrhagic Shock with Ringer's Ethyl Pyruvate Solution Improves Survival And Ameliorates Intestinal Mucosal Hyperpermeability in Rats , 2002, Shock.

[32]  J. Teboul,et al.  Predicting fluid responsiveness in ICU patients: a critical analysis of the evidence. , 2002, Chest.

[33]  B. J. Baron.  Diagnostic Utility of Sublingual PCO2 for Detecting Hemorrhage in Patients with Penetrating Trauma , 2002 .

[34]  G. Rozycki,et al.  Three Hundred Consecutive Emergent Celiotomies in General Surgery Patients: Influence of Advanced Diagnostic Imaging Techniques and Procedures on Diagnosis , 2002, Annals of surgery.

[35]  Lisa M Bellini,et al.  William of Occam and Occam's razor. , 2002, Annals of internal medicine.

[36]  G. Hamilton,et al.  Acute compartment syndromes , 2002, The British journal of surgery.

[37]  J. Wahr,et al.  The Use of Bovine Hemoglobin Glutamer-250 (Hemopure®) in Surgical Patients: Results of a Multicenter, Randomized, Single-Blinded Trial , 2002, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[38]  M. McCarthy,et al.  Emergency Thoracotomy: Appropriate Use in the Resuscitation of Trauma Patients , 2002, The American surgeon.

[39]  J. Sakles,et al.  Effects of delaying fluid resuscitation on an injury to the systemic arterial vasculature. , 2002, Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

[40]  J. Miner,et al.  End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring during procedural sedation. , 2002, Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

[41]  J. Kellum.  Fluid resuscitation and hyperchloremic acidosis in experimental sepsis: Improved short-term survival and acid-base balance with Hextend compared with saline , 2002, Critical care medicine.

[42]  E. Erhardtsen,et al.  Potential role for rFVIIa in transfusion medicine , 2002, Transfusion.

[43]  W. Shoemaker,et al.  Reliable variables in the exsanguinated patient which indicate damage control and predict outcome. , 2001, American journal of surgery.

[44]  J. Minei,et al.  Potential of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers in trauma patients , 2001, Current Opinion in Critical Care.

[45]  E. Ivers,et al.  Early Goal-Directed Therapy in the Treatment of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock , 2001 .

[46]  M. Krausz,et al.  Crystalloid and colloid resuscitation of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock following massive splenic injury. , 2001, Shock.

[47]  S. Mallett,et al.  The Effects of Balanced Versus Saline-Based Hetastarch and Crystalloid Solutions on Acid-Base and Electrolyte Status and Gastric Mucosal Perfusion in Elderly Surgical Patients , 2001, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[48]  P. Marik.  Sublingual capnography: a clinical validation study. , 2001, Chest.

[49]  K. Walley,et al.  Physiology of vasopressin relevant to management of septic shock. , 2001, Chest.

[50]  D. Landry,et al.  The pathogenesis of vasodilatory shock. , 2001, The New England journal of medicine.

[51]  R. Navickis,et al.  Patient Survival after Human Albumin Administration , 2001, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[52]  B. Boulanger,et al.  The routine use of sonography in penetrating torso injury is beneficial. , 2001, The Journal of trauma.

[53]  P M Reilly,et al.  Evolution in damage control for exsanguinating penetrating abdominal injury. , 2001, The Journal of trauma.

[54]  Jing Chen,et al.  Admission base deficit in pediatric trauma: a study using the National Trauma Data Bank. , 2001, The Journal of trauma.

[55]  D. Chittock,et al.  The effects of vasopressin on hemodynamics and renal function in severe septic shock: a case series , 2001, Intensive Care Medicine.

[56]  G. Clermont,et al.  Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: Analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care , 2001, Critical care medicine.

[57]  B. Gustorff,et al.  The Effects of Hydroxyethyl Starches of Varying Molecular Weights on Platelet Function , 2001, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[58]  P. Rhee,et al.  Effect of hydroxyethyl starch on coagulopathy in a swine model of hemorrhagic shock resuscitation. , 2001, The Journal of trauma.

[59]  E. Hirsch,et al.  Emergency room thoracotomy for penetrating chest injury: effect of an institutional protocol. , 2001, The Journal of trauma.

[60]  T. Kanematsu,et al.  Experience of laparoscopic management in 100 patients with acute abdomen. , 2001, Hepato-gastroenterology.

[61]  J Ean,et al.  Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. , 2001, The New England journal of medicine.

[62]  R. Lefering,et al.  Base deficit development and its prognostic significance in posttrauma critical illness: an analysis by the trauma registry of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für unfallchirurgie. , 2001, Shock.

[63]  J. Marshall,et al.  Is a low transfusion threshold safe in critically ill patients with cardiovascular diseases? , 2001, Critical care medicine.

[64]  M. Weil,et al.  Comparisons between sublingual and gastric tonometry during hemorrhagic shock. , 2000, Chest.

[65]  J. Luitse,et al.  Hospital admissions of patients aged over 80 with acute abdominal complaints. , 2000, The European journal of surgery = Acta chirurgica.

[66]  Z. Ba,et al.  Alterations in tissue oxygen consumption and extraction after trauma and hemorrhagic shock , 2000, Critical care medicine.

[67]  H. Sugerman,et al.  In quest of optimal resuscitation: tissue specific, on to the microcirculation. , 2000, Critical care medicine.

[68]  X Viviand,et al.  Effect of norepinephrine on the outcome of septic shock , 2000, Critical care medicine.

[69]  G Sherman,et al.  The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting. , 2000, Chest.

[70]  P. Rhee,et al.  Survival after emergency department thoracotomy: review of published data from the past 25 years. , 2000, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[71]  I. Rokos,et al.  Emergency airway management in penetrating neck injury. , 2000, Annals of emergency medicine.

[72]  D. Annane,et al.  A 3-level prognostic classification in septic shock based on cortisol levels and cortisol response to corticotropin. , 2000, JAMA.

[73]  L. Pearce,et al.  Bovine hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC-201) for resuscitation of uncontrolled, exsanguinating liver injury in swine. Carolina Resuscitation Research Group. , 2000, Shock.

[74]  C. Ou,et al.  Laparoscopic diagnosis and treatment of nontraumatic acute abdominal pain in women. , 2000, Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A.

[75]  J. Boldt,et al.  Changes of the hemostatic network in critically ill patients‐Is there a difference between sepsis, trauma, and neurosurgery patients? , 2000, Critical care medicine.

[76]  R. Townsend,et al.  Low-dose vasopressin in the treatment of vasodilatory septic shock. , 1999, The Journal of trauma.

[77]  S. Wilson,et al.  Improved survival following massive transfusion in patients who have undergone trauma. , 1999, Archives of surgery.

[78]  J. Fischer,et al.  Lactate is an unreliable indicator of tissue hypoxia in injury or sepsis , 1999, The Lancet.

[79]  D. Seidman,et al.  Accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis in 100 emergency laparoscopies performed due to acute abdomen in nonpregnant women. , 1999, The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists.

[80]  F. Battistella,et al.  Field triage of the pulseless trauma patient. , 1999, Archives of surgery.

[81]  Wanchun Tang,et al.  Sublingual capnometry: a new noninvasive measurement for diagnosis and quantitation of severity of circulatory shock. , 1999, Critical care medicine.

[82]  J. Fischer,et al.  Prospective, randomized comparison of epidural versus parenteral opioid analgesia in thoracic trauma. , 1999, Annals of surgery.

[83]  G. Rozycki,et al.  The role of ultrasound in patients with possible penetrating cardiac wounds: a prospective multicenter study. , 1999, The Journal of trauma.

[84]  J. Li,et al.  Complications of emergency intubation with and without paralysis. , 1999, The American journal of emergency medicine.

[85]  P. Mariani,et al.  Plain Abdominal Radiography as a Routine Procedure for Acute Abdominal Pain of the Right Lower Quadrant: Prospective Evaluation , 1999, World Journal of Surgery.

[86]  G. Wells,et al.  A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirements in critical care. Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care Investigators, Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. , 1999, The New England journal of medicine.

[87]  P. Rhee,et al.  Controlled resuscitation for uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. , 1999, The Journal of trauma.

[88]  L. Sleeper,et al.  SHould we emergently revascularize Occluded Coronaries for cardiogenic shocK: an international randomized trial of emergency PTCA/CABG-trial design. The SHOCK Trial Study Group. , 1999, American heart journal.

[89]  A P Wheeler,et al.  Treating patients with severe sepsis. , 1999, The New England journal of medicine.

[90]  J. Vincent,et al.  Has the mortality of septic shock changed with time. , 1998, Critical care medicine.

[91]  M. Weil,et al.  Decreases in organ blood flows associated with increases in sublingual PCO2 during hemorrhagic shock. , 1998, Journal of applied physiology.

[92]  Leibovici,et al.  The benefit of appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment in patients with bloodstream infection , 1998, Journal of internal medicine.

[93]  M. Rotondo,et al.  Rapid sequence induction for intubation by an aeromedical transport team: a critical analysis. , 1998, The American journal of emergency medicine.

[94]  E. Moore,et al.  The first randomized trial of human polymerized hemoglobin as a blood substitute in acute trauma and emergent surgery. , 1998, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[95]  C. Doig,et al.  Increased intestinal permeability is associated with the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in critically ill ICU patients. , 1998, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[96]  A. Berger.  Cochrane Injuries Group Albumin ReviewersWhy albumin may not work , 1998 .

[97]  Cochrane Injuries,et al.  Human albumin administration in critically ill patients: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. , 1998, BMJ.

[98]  R. Ivatury,et al.  Intra-abdominal hypertension after life-threatening penetrating abdominal trauma: prophylaxis, incidence, and clinical relevance to gastric mucosal pH and abdominal compartment syndrome. , 1998, The Journal of trauma.

[99]  R. Ivatury,et al.  In search of the optimal end points of resuscitation in trauma patients: a review. , 1998, The Journal of trauma.

[100]  G. Schierhout,et al.  Fluid resuscitation with colloid or crystalloid solutions in critically ill patients: a systematic review of randomised trials , 1998, BMJ.

[101]  O. Kirton,et al.  The impact of antioxidant and splanchnic-directed therapy on persistent uncorrected gastric mucosal pH in the critically injured trauma patient. , 1998, The Journal of trauma.

[102]  M. Memon,et al.  The role of minimal access surgery in the acute abdomen. , 1997, The Surgical clinics of North America.

[103]  T. Fabian,et al.  Efficacy of hypertonic 7.5% saline and 6% dextran-70 in treating trauma: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical studies. , 1997, Surgery.

[104]  C. Natanson,et al.  Anti-inflammatory therapies to treat sepsis and septic shock: a reassessment. , 1997, Critical care medicine.

[105]  G. Kramer,et al.  Efficacy of hypertonic saline dextran (HSD) in patients with traumatic hypotension: meta‐analysis of individual patient data , 1997, Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[106]  A. Sauaia,et al.  Blood Transfusion: An Independent Risk Factor for Postinjury Multiple Organ Failure , 1997 .

[107]  A. Sauaia,et al.  Predicting life-threatening coagulopathy in the massively transfused trauma patient: hypothermia and acidoses revisited. , 1997, The Journal of trauma.

[108]  C. Wade,et al.  Individual patient cohort analysis of the efficacy of hypertonic saline/dextran in patients with traumatic brain injury and hypotension. , 1997, The Journal of trauma.

[109]  James W. Davis,et al.  Admission base deficit predicts transfusion requirements and risk of complications. , 1996, The Journal of trauma.

[110]  Not Available Not Available,et al.  Tissue hypoxia: How to detect, how to correct, how to prevent , 1996 .

[111]  S. Pastores,et al.  Splanchnic ischemia and gut mucosal injury in sepsis and the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. , 1996, The American journal of gastroenterology.

[112]  R. Ivatury,et al.  A prospective randomized study of end points of resuscitation after major trauma: global oxygen transport indices versus organ-specific gastric mucosal pH. , 1996, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[113]  G. Rozycki,et al.  The role of surgeon-performed ultrasound in patients with possible cardiac wounds. , 1996, Annals of surgery.

[114]  M. Paloheimo,et al.  End-tidal oxygen concentration and pulse oximetry for monitoring oxygenation during intratracheal jet ventilation , 1995, Journal of Clinical Monitoring.

[115]  P. Pelosi,et al.  A Trial of Goal-Oriented Hemodynamic Therapy in Critically Ill Patients , 1995 .

[116]  A. Peitzman,et al.  Improved outcome with fluid restriction in treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. , 1995, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[117]  R. Ivatury,et al.  Gastric mucosal pH and oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption indices in the assessment of adequacy of resuscitation after trauma: a prospective, randomized study. , 1995, The Journal of trauma.

[118]  G. Velmahos,et al.  Outcome of a strict policy on emergency department thoracotomies. , 1995, Archives of surgery.

[119]  K. Nagy,et al.  Role of echocardiography in the diagnosis of occult penetrating cardiac injury. , 1995, The Journal of trauma.

[120]  S. Lamberts,et al.  Differential adaptation of glucocorticoid sensitivity of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes in patients with sepsis or septic shock. , 1995, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[121]  Y. D'udekem,et al.  Laparoscopy for management of nontraumatic acute abdomen , 1995, World Journal of Surgery.

[122]  H. C. Kim,et al.  Use of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with surgical abdominal sepsis , 1995, Surgical Endoscopy.

[123]  A. Jacobs,et al.  Current Spectrum of Cardiogenic Shock and Effect of Early Revascularization on Mortality Results of an International Registry , 1995 .

[124]  P E Pepe,et al.  Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[125]  C. Hinds,et al.  Elevation of systemic oxygen delivery in the treatment of critically ill patients. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[126]  J. Bender,et al.  Bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers: improved outcome from a unified surgical approach. , 1994, The American surgeon.

[127]  R. Sauerwein,et al.  Cytokine Patterns in Patients After Major Vascular Surgery, Hemorrhagic Shock, and Severe Blunt Trauma Relation with Subsequent Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Multiple Organ Failure , 1993, Annals of surgery.

[128]  D. Powars,et al.  Epidemic meningococcemia and purpura fulminans with induced protein C deficiency. , 1993, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[129]  J. Hassett,et al.  Prospective evaluation of epidural versus intrapleural catheters for analgesia in chest wall trauma. , 1993, The Journal of trauma.

[130]  L. Papazian,et al.  Norepinephrine or Dopamine for the Treatment of Hyperdynamic Septic Shock , 1993 .

[131]  J. Lorente,et al.  clinical investigations in critical care Time Course of Hemostatic Abnormalities in Sepsis and its Relation to Outcome * , 2006 .

[132]  R. Gamelli,et al.  Emergency cricothyroidotomy in trauma victims. , 1993, The Journal of trauma.

[133]  S. Moncada,et al.  Role of endogenous nitric oxide in septic shock. , 1993, New horizons.

[134]  P. Barie,et al.  Surgical Infection Society intra-abdominal infection study. Prospective evaluation of management techniques and outcome. , 1993, Archives of surgery.

[135]  M A Foulkes,et al.  The role of secondary brain injury in determining outcome from severe head injury. , 1993, The Journal of trauma.

[136]  W. Shoemaker,et al.  Prospective trial of supranormal values as goals of resuscitation in severe trauma. , 1992, Archives of surgery.

[137]  J. Morris,et al.  Base deficit stratifies mortality and determines therapy. , 1992, The Journal of trauma.

[138]  M. Rotondo,et al.  'Damage control': an approach for improved survival in exsanguinating penetrating abdominal injury. , 1992, The Journal of trauma.

[139]  W. Knaus,et al.  Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. , 1992, Chest.

[140]  D. Birolini,et al.  Hypertonic solutions in the treatment of hypovolemic shock: a prospective, randomized study in patients admitted to the emergency room. , 1992, Surgery.

[141]  T. Kowalenko,et al.  Improved outcome with hypotensive resuscitation of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in a swine model. , 1991, The Journal of trauma.

[142]  P. Pepe,et al.  Prehospital hypertonic saline/dextran infusion for post-traumatic hypotension. The U.S.A. Multicenter Trial. , 1991, Annals of surgery.

[143]  P. Rothwell,et al.  Cortisol response to corticotropin and survival in septic shock , 1991, The Lancet.

[144]  T. Shimazu,et al.  Pulmonary contusion causes long-term respiratory dysfunction with decreased functional residual capacity. , 1990, The Journal of trauma.

[145]  J H Siegel,et al.  Early physiologic predictors of injury severity and death in blunt multiple trauma. , 1990, Archives of surgery.

[146]  J. E. Turner,et al.  Field airway management of the trauma patient: the efficacy of bag mask ventilation. , 1988, The American journal of emergency medicine.

[147]  G. Jurkovich,et al.  Hypothermia in trauma victims: an ominous predictor of survival. , 1987, The Journal of trauma.

[148]  W. Glinz.  Problems caused by the unstable thoracic wall and by cardiac injury due to blunt injury. , 1986, Injury.

[149]  T. Cogbill,et al.  Determinants of outcome after pulmonary contusion. , 1986, The Journal of trauma.

[150]  D. Trunkey,et al.  Variables affecting outcome in blunt chest trauma: flail chest vs. pulmonary contusion. , 1986, The Journal of trauma.

[151]  S. Shackford,et al.  Continuous epidural fentanyl analgesia: ventilatory function improvement with routine use in treatment of blunt chest injury. , 1986, The Journal of trauma.

[152]  L. Worthley.  Thoracic epidural in the management of chest trauma , 1985, Intensive Care Medicine.

[153]  A. Safwat,et al.  Successful management of an elderly patient with multiple trauma. , 1985, The Journal of trauma.

[154]  I. Kron,et al.  The Measurement of Intra‐abdominal Pressure as a Criterion for Abdominal Re‐exploration , 1984, Annals of surgery.

[155]  W. R. Mccabe,et al.  Gram-negative bacteremia: IV. Re-evaluation of clinical features and treatment in 612 patients , 1980 .

[156]  A. Perel,et al.  A comparison of lactated ringer's solution to hydroxyethyl starch 6% in a model of severe hemorrhagic shock and continuous bleeding in dogs. , 2003 .

[157]  Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Outcomes.  Practice management guidelines for emergency department thoracotomy. Working Group, Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Outcomes, American College of Surgeons-Committee on Trauma. , 2001, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[158]  I. Kwan,et al.  Timing and volume of fluid administration for patients with bleeding following trauma. , 2001, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[159]  K. Okinaga,et al.  Emergency Abdominal Surgery in Patients Aged 80 Years and Older , 2000, Surgery Today.

[160]  D. Cook,et al.  Crystalloids vs. colloids in fluid resuscitation: a systematic review. , 1999, Critical care medicine.

[161]  J. Vincent,et al.  Practice parameters for hemodynamic support of sepsis in adult patients in sepsis. Task Force of the American College of Critical Care Medicine, Society of Critical Care Medicine. , 1999, Critical care medicine.

[162]  M. Wayne,et al.  Prehospital use of succinylcholine: a 20-year review. , 1999, Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors.

[163]  B. Siewert,et al.  Impact of CT on diagnosis and management of acute abdomen in patients initially treated without surgery. , 1997, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[164]  Marseille,et al.  Société de Réanimation de Langue Française , 1985 .

[165]  P. Hendrickx,et al.  Thoracic epidural analgesia in the treatment of rib fractures. , 1984, Acta anaesthesiologica Belgica.

[166]  D. Bihari,et al.  Management of Shock , 1983 .

[167]  W. Silen.  Cope's early diagnosis of the acute abdomen , 1983 .