Second-chance university admission, the theory of planned behaviour and student achievement

The theory of planned behaviour attempts to explain factors which influence behaviour. One of these factors is intention. Positive or negative intentions are formed by a person’s impression of the way other people would perceive similar behaviour (external forces). The authors of this study used the theory of planned behaviour to examine, compare and interpret the academic performance of students entering a university either via direct intake or via a bridging programme. This study focuses on the UniBridge programme offered by Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD), which is an intensive one-semester course that prepares students for undergraduate-level study. While direct-intake applicants pass minimum requirements for entry and are able to enrol directly into an undergraduate programme, applicants who do not meet these minimum requirements can join this bridging programme which is designed to be a “second-chance” entry option. Using a mixed-methods approach, the authors subjected student performance data of both direct-intake and bridge-programme undergraduates to statistical analyses, carried out interviews and then used the theoretical framework of planned behaviour to pinpoint individual attitudes and social pressures which form an intention to prepare for entry examinations. The results were mostly consistent and showed that the two groups were competitive in terms of undergraduate academic achievement, thus proving the second-chance programme to be effective in enabling students with poor A-Level results to experience academic confidence at university level. On the strength of these findings, the authors conclude their paper with recommendations for tertiary institutions to support lifelong learning initiatives through the use of multiple channels of entry.RésuméAdmission universitaire de la seconde chance, théorie du comportement planifié et réussite des étudiants – La « théorie du comportement planifié » tente d’expliquer les facteurs qui influencent le comportement. L’un de ces facteurs est l’intention. Des intentions positives ou négatives sont formées par l’impression qu’une personne a de la façon dont d’autres personnes perçoivent un comportement similaire (forces externes). Les auteurs de cette étude ont appliqué la théorie du comportement planifié pour examiner, comparer et interpréter la réussite universitaire d’étudiants, admis soit directement soit à l’issue d’un programme de transition. La présente étude se concentre sur le programme UniBridge proposé par l’université de Brunei Darussalam, qui consiste en un cours intensif d’un semestre pour préparer des bacheliers au premier cycle universitaire. Les candidats admis directement satisfont aux exigences minimales d’admission et peuvent rejoindre immédiatement un programme de licence, tandis que les candidats qui ne répondent pas à ces normes minimales peuvent s’inscrire à ce programme-relais conçu comme option « de la seconde chance ». Au moyen d’une approche à méthodologie mixte, les auteurs ont soumis à une analyse statistique les résultats des étudiants en premier cycle issus des deux groupes; ils ont mené des entretiens puis appliqué le cadre théorique du comportement planifié. Leur but était d’identifier les attitudes individuelles et les pressions sociales qui forment l’intention de se préparer à un examen d’admission. Ces résultats sont en majeure partie homogènes et montrent que les deux groupes sont compétitifs en terme de réussite universitaire de premier cycle. Ils démontrent ainsi l’efficacité du programme de la seconde chance qui permet à des bacheliers aux résultats inférieurs de gagner une assurance au niveau universitaire. Forts de ces constats, les auteurs concluent leur article par des recommandations à l’attention des établissements d’enseignement supérieur de promouvoir les initiatives d’apprentissage tout au long de la vie par l’ouverture de multiples canaux d’admission.

[1]  I. Dennis,et al.  Degree Performance as a Function of Age, Gender, Prior Qualifications and Discipline Studied , 1997 .

[2]  A. Poropat A meta-analysis of the five-factor model of personality and academic performance. , 2009, Psychological bulletin.

[3]  Yabit Alas,et al.  Social customer relationship management and student empowerment in online learning systems , 2016 .

[4]  Ola No. 6193. Convention against discrimination in education. Adopted on 14 December 1960 by the general conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization at its eleventh session, held in Paris from 14 November to 15 December 1960 , 1999 .

[5]  Melvin Blumberg,et al.  The Missing Opportunity in Organizational Research: Some Implications for a Theory of Work Performance , 1982 .

[6]  Yabit Alas,et al.  Developing online learning resources: Big data, social networks, and cloud computing to support pervasive knowledge , 2015, Education and Information Technologies.

[7]  Muhammad Anshari,et al.  Smartphones habits, necessities, and big data challenges , 2015 .

[8]  Warren W. Willingham,et al.  Grades and Test Scores: Accounting for Observed Differences , 2002 .

[9]  M. Bazerman Judgment in Managerial Decision Making , 1990 .

[10]  Evaluating the Success of a Science Academic Development Programme at a Research-intensive University , 2014 .

[11]  John C. Smart,et al.  Do Institutional Characteristics Affect Student Gains from College? , 2001 .

[12]  Icek Ajzen,et al.  From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior , 1985 .

[13]  I. Ajzen The theory of planned behavior , 1991 .

[14]  Jeffrey H. Moore,et al.  Introductory Management Science: Decision Modeling with Spreadsheets , 1998 .

[15]  Robert K. Toutkoushian,et al.  Effects of Socioeconomic Factors on Public High School Outcomes and Rankings , 2005 .

[16]  S. Bourke,et al.  A Comparison of the Academic Experiences and Achievement of University Students Entering by Traditional and Non-traditional Means , 2001 .

[17]  Michael Rosenberg,et al.  Factors associated with the academic success of first year Health Science students , 2009, Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice.

[18]  I. Ajzen Attitudes, Personality and Behavior , 1988 .

[19]  I. Ajzen,et al.  Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research , 1977 .

[20]  Peter Mykytyn,et al.  Theory-Based Instrumentation to Measure the Intention to Use Electronic Commerce in Small and Medium Sized Businesses , 2004, J. Comput. Inf. Syst..