Throughput analysis and protocol design for CSMA and BTMA protocols under noisy environments

In using a CSMA (carrier-sense multi-access) protocol in a packet radio network, one cannot ignore the probability that the environment is so noisy that the channel state is misdetected. Similarly, with a BTMA (busy-tone multi-access) protocol, one must take into account the probability of misdetecting the busy or idle state of the channel. The authors focus on these problems and try to evaluate the throughput performance in p-persistent access schemes, using an iterative approximation method. Furthermore, a new protocol is suggested, which can effectively cope with the imperfect sensing property to achieve an improved throughput by sensing the channel in several consecutive slots.