A Technique for Producing Scalable Color-Quantized Images With Error Diffusion

To reliably and efficiently deliver media information to diverse clients over heterogeneous networks, the media involved must be scalable. In this paper, a color quantization algorithm for generating scalable color-indexed images is proposed based on a multiscale error diffusion framework. Images of lower resolutions are embedded in the outputs such that a simple down-sampling process can extract images of any desirable resolutions. Images possessing this scalable property support transmission over the Internet which contains clients with different display resolutions, systems with different caching resources and networks with varying bandwidths and QoS capabilities. Unlike most of the color halftoning algorithms available nowadays, the proposed algorithm is not dedicated for printing applications but for color-indexed displays. It works with any arbitrary palettes of different size

[1]  E Peli,et al.  Multiresolution, error-convergence halftone algorithm. , 1991, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[2]  Yuk-Hee Chan,et al.  A POCS-based restoration algorithm for restoring halftoned color-quantized images , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing.

[3]  Yvan G. Leclerc,et al.  Constructing simple stable descriptions for image partitioning , 1989, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[4]  Chee-Hung Henry Chu,et al.  Halftoning for color-indexed displays , 1999, Proceedings 1999 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. 99CH36348).

[5]  Gonzalo R. Arce,et al.  Digital color halftoning with generalized error diffusion and multichannel green-noise masks , 2000, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[6]  Anthony J. Yezzi,et al.  Gradient flows and geometric active contour models , 1995, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.

[7]  Brian A. Wandell,et al.  A spatial extension of CIELAB for digital color‐image reproduction , 1997 .

[8]  Lale Akarun,et al.  Fuzzy error diffusion , 2000, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[9]  Baba C. Vemuri,et al.  Shape Modeling with Front Propagation: A Level Set Approach , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[10]  E. Parzen On Estimation of a Probability Density Function and Mode , 1962 .

[11]  R. Deriche,et al.  A variational framework for active and adaptative segmentation of vector valued images , 2002, Workshop on Motion and Video Computing, 2002. Proceedings..

[12]  Yuk-Hee Chan A modified multiscale error diffusion technique for digital halftoning , 1998, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[13]  Rachid Deriche,et al.  Coupled Geodesic Active Regions for Image Segmentation: A Level Set Approach , 2000, ECCV.

[14]  S. Osher,et al.  Geometric Level Set Methods in Imaging, Vision, and Graphics , 2011, Springer New York.

[15]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  Level set methods and dynamic implicit surfaces , 2002, Applied mathematical sciences.

[16]  Yuk-Hee Chan,et al.  A simulated annealing restoration algorithm for restoring halftoned color-quantized images , 2006, Signal Process. Image Commun..

[17]  Lale Akarun,et al.  Adaptive methods for dithering color images , 1997, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[18]  Sandra K. Parker,et al.  Web Style Guide: Basic Design Principles for Creating Web Sites , 1999 .

[19]  Jitendra Malik,et al.  Normalized cuts and image segmentation , 1997, Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[20]  Josiane Zerubia,et al.  A Level Set Model for Image Classification , 1999, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[21]  Louis B. Rosenfeld,et al.  Web Style Guide: Basic Design Principles for Creating Web Sites , 1999 .

[22]  Carlos Vázquez,et al.  Image partioning by level set multiregion competition , 2004, 2004 International Conference on Image Processing, 2004. ICIP '04..

[23]  Christoph Schnörr,et al.  Hierarchical Image Segmentation Based on Semidefinite Programming , 2004, DAGM-Symposium.

[24]  S. Osher,et al.  Motion of multiple junctions: a level set approach , 1994 .

[25]  Michael Brady,et al.  Unsupervised non-parametric region segmentation using level sets , 2003, Proceedings Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.

[26]  Anthony J. Yezzi,et al.  Curve evolution implementation of the Mumford-Shah functional for image segmentation, denoising, interpolation, and magnification , 2001, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[27]  Christoph Schnörr,et al.  Natural Image Statistics for Natural Image Segmentation , 2005, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[28]  Rachid Deriche,et al.  Unifying boundary and region-based information for geodesic active tracking , 1999, Proceedings. 1999 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Cat. No PR00149).

[29]  HeckbertPaul Color image quantization for frame buffer display , 1982 .

[30]  Ping Wah Wong,et al.  Adaptive error diffusion and its application in multiresolution rendering , 1996, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[31]  James A. Sethian,et al.  Level Set Methods and Fast Marching Methods , 1999 .

[32]  Rachid Deriche,et al.  Active unsupervised texture segmentation on a diffusion based feature space , 2003, 2003 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2003. Proceedings..

[33]  C.-C. Jay Kuo,et al.  A multiscale error diffusion technique for digital halftoning , 1997, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[34]  Michael T. Orchard,et al.  Color quantization of images , 1991, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[35]  Vishal Monga,et al.  Color error-diffusion halftoning , 2003, IEEE Signal Process. Mag..

[36]  J. Sethian,et al.  FRONTS PROPAGATING WITH CURVATURE DEPENDENT SPEED: ALGORITHMS BASED ON HAMILTON-JACOB1 FORMULATIONS , 2003 .

[37]  Rachid Deriche,et al.  Geodesic Active Regions and Level Set Methods for Supervised Texture Segmentation , 2002, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[38]  Paul S. Heckbert Color image quantization for frame buffer display , 1982, SIGGRAPH.

[39]  Yuk-Hee Chan,et al.  Feature-preserving multiscale error diffusion for digital halftoning , 2004, J. Electronic Imaging.