Impact of wall constraint on velocity distribution in proximal flow convergence zone. Implications for color Doppler quantification of mitral regurgitation.

[1]  C. Hamm,et al.  Noninvasive estimation of regurgitant flow rate and volume in patients with mitral regurgitation by Doppler color mapping of accelerating flow field. , 1993, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[2]  A. Weyman,et al.  The proximal flow convergence method for calculating orifice flow rate requires correction for surrounding leaflet geometry , 1991 .

[3]  D. Mele,et al.  Application of color Doppler flow mapping to calculate effective regurgitant orifice area. An in vitro study and initial clinical observations. , 1993, Circulation.

[4]  R A Levine,et al.  Automated flow rate calculations based on digital analysis of flow convergence proximal to regurgitant orifices. , 1993, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[5]  A. Weyman,et al.  Impact of Impinging Wall Jet on Color Doppler Quantification of Mitral Regurgitation , 1991, Circulation.

[6]  J. Stevenson,et al.  Two-dimensional color Doppler estimation of the severity of atrioventricular valve regurgitation: important effects of instrument gain setting, pulse repetition frequency, and carrier frequency. , 1989, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[7]  J D Thomas,et al.  Quantification of mitral regurgitation by the proximal convergence method using transesophageal echocardiography. Clinical validation of a geometric correction for proximal flow constraint. , 1995, Circulation.

[8]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Effective mitral regurgitant orifice area: clinical use and pitfalls of the proximal isovelocity surface area method. , 1995, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[9]  A. Weyman,et al.  Impact of finite orifice size on proximal flow convergence. Implications for Doppler quantification of valvular regurgitation. , 1992, Circulation research.

[10]  R. Omoto Color atlas of real-time two-dimensional doppler echocardiography , 1984 .

[11]  A. Weyman,et al.  Validation of the proximal flow convergence method. Calculation of orifice area in patients with mitral stenosis. , 1993, Circulation.

[12]  D J Sahn,et al.  Instrumentation and physical factors related to visualization of stenotic and regurgitant jets by Doppler color flow mapping. , 1988, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[13]  N. Nanda,et al.  Color Doppler assessment of mitral regurgitation with orthogonal planes. , 1987, Circulation.

[14]  R A Levine,et al.  Dynamics of Mitral Regurgitant Flow and Orifice Area: Physiologic Application of the Proximal Flow Convergence Method: Clinical Data and Experimental Testing , 1994, Circulation.

[15]  D. Sahn,et al.  A New Method for Quantitation of Mitral Regurgitation Based on Color Flow Doppler Imaging of Flow Convergence Proximal to Regurgitant Orifice , 1991, Circulation.

[16]  P. Vandervoort,et al.  Quantification of mitral regurgitation with the proximal flow convergence method: a clinical study. , 1992, American heart journal.

[17]  D Patel,et al.  Doppler color flow "proximal isovelocity surface area" method for estimating volume flow rate: effects of orifice shape and machine factors. , 1991, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[18]  A. Demaria,et al.  Quantitative assessment of mitral regurgitation by Doppler color flow imaging: angiographic and hemodynamic correlations. , 1989, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[19]  P. Vandervoort,et al.  Impact of wall filtration on the accuracy of quantitative color Doppler velocity measurements: Numerical and in vitro study , 1992 .

[20]  Y Nimura,et al.  Semiquantitative grading of severity of mitral regurgitation by real-time two-dimensional Doppler flow imaging technique. , 1986, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[21]  D. Sahn,et al.  Determination of the Most Appropriate Velocity Threshold for Applying Hemispheric Flow Convergence Equations to Calculate Flow Rate: Selected According to the Transorifice Pressure Gradient Digital Computer Analysis of the Doppler Color Flow Convergence Region , 1993, Circulation.

[22]  A P Yoganathan,et al.  A new method for quantification of regurgitant flow rate using color Doppler flow imaging of the flow convergence region proximal to a discrete orifice. An in vitro study. , 1991, Circulation.

[23]  G. Schuler,et al.  Regular Physical Exercise and Low‐Fat Diet: Effects on Progression of Coronary Artery Disease , 1992, Circulation.