Reservoir Heightening as a Method to Ensure Water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

The 6th (SDGs (6)) and the 2nd (SDGs (2)) Sustainable Development Goals aim to guarantee the balance between sustainable development of water and food nexus. Indeed, Arid and semi-arid countries moved to dam construction to overcome water shortage and to ensure food security. However, water and food security still a real problem for these countries. Furthermore, climate change will increase drought periods as well as flash flood frequency. This study proposes the heightening of existing reservoirs, to increase their capacity and store the flash floods. The study was conducted through the Hassan Addakhil reservoir in Morocco. The precipitation temporal downscaling method is used to estimate hourly rainfall. HEC-HMS, as a hydrological model, was used to assess hourly dam inflows. Moreover, the novelty of this study is the development of a program through VB.net to assess the reservoir heightening. The result shows that the Hassan Addakhil dam could be heightened by 8 meters. Raising this dam may allow increasing its capacity to reach 475 Mm3.

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