Model predictive control for power management in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle with a hybrid energy storage system

The fuel economy performance of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) strongly depends on the power management strategy. This study proposes an integrated power management for a PHEV with multiple energy sources, including a semi-active hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and an assistance power unit (APU). The HESS consists of battery packs and ultracapacitor packs. In the integrated control strategy, the output power between the battery packs and ultracapacitor packs is regulated by the model predictive control strategy, while the output power between the APU and HESS is allocated by the rule-based strategy. In the model predictive control process, a period of the future velocity will be predicted, and the dynamic programming algorithm will be applied to optimize the control strategy accordingly. The robustness of the proposed approach is verified by three typical driving cycles, including the Manhattan cycle, CBDC cycle and UDDSHDV cycle. The results show that the proposed control strategy can promote fuel economy compared with the original control strategy, especially in the charge sustain mode under the MANHATTAN driving cycle (21.88% improvement).

[1]  A. Emadi,et al.  A New Battery/UltraCapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric, Hybrid, and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[2]  Reza Langari,et al.  Intelligent energy management agent for a parallel hybrid vehicle-part I: system architecture and design of the driving situation identification process , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[3]  M. Steinbuch,et al.  Predictive gear shift control for a parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle , 2011, 2011 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[4]  Huei Peng,et al.  Optimal Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on Pontryagin's Minimum Principle , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[5]  Shuo Zhang,et al.  Comparison of the topologies for a hybrid energy-storage system of electric vehicles via a novel optimization method , 2015 .

[6]  Dawei Gao,et al.  Energy management strategy based on fuzzy logic for a fuel cell hybrid bus , 2008 .

[7]  K. T. Chau,et al.  Overview of power management in hybrid electric vehicles , 2002 .

[8]  Guillermo R. Bossio,et al.  Optimization of power management in an hybrid electric vehicle using dynamic programming , 2006, Math. Comput. Simul..

[9]  Hosam K. Fathy,et al.  A Stochastic Optimal Control Approach for Power Management in Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[10]  Stefano Cordiner,et al.  Trip-based SOC management for a plugin hybrid electric vehicle , 2016 .

[11]  M. Zefran,et al.  Hybrid model predictive control tracking of a sawtooth driving profile for an HEV , 2008, 2008 American Control Conference.

[12]  Simona Onori,et al.  Adaptive Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle supervisory controller design for the plug-in hybrid GM Chevrolet Volt , 2015 .

[13]  Bing Xia,et al.  Energy management of power-split plug-in hybrid electric vehicles based on simulated annealing and Pontryagin's minimum principle , 2014 .

[14]  Simona Onori,et al.  A Comparative Analysis of Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2011 .

[15]  Stefano Di Cairano,et al.  MPC-Based Energy Management of a Power-Split Hybrid Electric Vehicle , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[16]  Bo-Chiuan Chen,et al.  Design and analysis of power management strategy for range extended electric vehicle using dynamic programming , 2014 .

[17]  Huei Peng,et al.  Power management strategy for a parallel hybrid electric truck , 2003, IEEE Trans. Control. Syst. Technol..

[18]  Huei Peng,et al.  Modeling and Control of a Power-Split Hybrid Vehicle , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[19]  Hongwen He,et al.  A systematic state-of-charge estimation framework for multi-cell battery pack in electric vehicles using bias correction technique , 2016 .

[20]  Jennifer Bauman,et al.  An Analytical Optimization Method for Improved Fuel Cell–Battery–Ultracapacitor Powertrain , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[21]  Xiaosong Hu,et al.  Velocity Predictors for Predictive Energy Management in Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[22]  Hosam K. Fathy,et al.  Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charge pattern optimization for energy cost and battery longevity , 2011 .

[23]  Joao P. Trovao,et al.  A multi-level energy management system for multi-source electric vehicles – An integrated rule-based meta-heuristic approach , 2013 .

[24]  Zeyu Chen,et al.  Particle swarm optimization-based optimal power management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles considering uncertain driving conditions , 2016 .

[25]  Huei Peng,et al.  Driving Pattern Recognition for Control of Hybrid Electric Trucks , 2004 .

[26]  A. Emadi,et al.  Power Management of an Ultracapacitor/Battery Hybrid Energy Storage System in an HEV , 2006, 2006 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[27]  Yeong-Il Park,et al.  Multi-Mode Driving Control of a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Driving Pattern Recognition , 2002 .

[28]  Dongpu Cao,et al.  Integrated Optimization of Battery Sizing, Charging, and Power Management in Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[29]  Mutasim A. Salman,et al.  Energy management strategies for parallel hybrid vehicles using fuzzy logic , 2000 .

[30]  A. Roskilly,et al.  Novel technologies and strategies for clean transport systems , 2015 .

[31]  Shuo Zhang,et al.  Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle-based power management of a dual-motor-driven electric bus , 2015 .

[32]  Shuo Zhang,et al.  Adaptive energy management of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle based on driving pattern recognition and dynamic programming , 2015 .

[33]  Yi-Hsuan Hung,et al.  Optimal energy management of a hybrid electric powertrain system using improved particle swarm optimization , 2015 .

[34]  Fengchun Sun,et al.  A novel dual-scale cell state-of-charge estimation approach for series-connected battery pack used in electric vehicles , 2015 .